Linear Equation in 2
variable
-Neshakumaran
X-E
Parts of linear equation
Introduction
A pair of linear equation in 2 variable can be solved by
Graphical method
Unique solution
Infinitely many solution
No solution
Algebraic method
substitution
elimination
General form of pair of linear equation
in 2 variable
𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0
𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0
Where a1 ,b1 ,a2 ,b2 and c2 are all real numbers and a1 ,b1 ,a2 ,b2 are not
all zero
Consistent pair
A pair of equation is said to be consistent if it at least one solution
one solution , infinite solutions are consistent but, zero solution isn’t consistent
Inconsistent pair
A pair of linear equation having no solution is called inconsistent pair
eg - Parallel lines
They are independent
Intersecting lines - 1 solution
A pair of linear equations in two
variables, which has a solution, is
called a consistent pair of linear
equations.
Graph-Intersecting lines
The equation of
2x + 3y = 6
4x + 7y = 12
Is intersecting line
On comparing with general equation
2x + 3y = 6
4x + 7y = 12
𝑎1 2 𝑏1 3
= ≠ =
𝑎2 4 𝑏2 7
it is intersecting line so it is consistent
Parallel lines - 0 solutions
A pair of linear equations which
has no solution is called an
inconsistent pair of linear
equations.
Graph- parallel lines
The equation of
2x + 3y = 6
4x + 6y = 15
is parallel line.
On comparing with general equation
2x + 3y = 6
4x + 6y = 15
𝑎1 2 𝑏1 3 𝐶1 6
= = = ≠ =
𝑎2 4 𝑏2 6 𝐶2 15
it is parallel so it is independent and inconsistent
Coinciding lines - ∞ solution
A pair of linear equations which are
equivalent has infinitely many distinct
common solutions.
Such a pair is called a dependent pair
of linear equations in two variables.
Graph- coinciding lines
The equation of
2x + 3y = 6
4x + 6y = 12
is parallel line.
On comparing with general equation
2x + 3y = 6
4x + 6y = 13
𝑎1 2 𝑏1 3 𝐶1 6
= = = = =
𝑎2 4 𝑏2 6 𝐶2 12
it is coinciding so it is dependent and consistent
problems
1) Equation 1: x + y = 5
Equation 2: 2x – 3y = 4
2) Equation 1: 7x – 15y = 2
Equation 2: x + 2y = 3
1st problem using substitution method
x = 5 – y (from 1st eq)
Substitute x = 5 – y into Equation 2:
2(5 – y) – 3y = 4 10 – 2y – 3y = 4 10 – 5y = 4
–5y = –6 y = 6⁄5
Substitute back into Equation 1:
x = 5 – 6⁄5 = (25⁄5 – 6⁄5) = 19⁄5
Final Answer: x = 19⁄5, y = 6⁄5
1st problem using elimination method
Multiply Equation 1 by 2:
2x + 2y = 10
Subtract Equation 2:
(2x + 2y) – (2x – 3y) = 10 – 4
2x + 2y – 2x + 3y = 6
5y = 6 y = 6⁄5
Substitute back: x = 19⁄5
Same Final Answer: x = 19⁄5, y = 6⁄5
2nd problem using substitution method
x = 3 – 2y (from 1st eq)
Substitute into Equation 1:
7(3 – 2y) – 15y = 2 21 – 14y – 15y = 2 21 – 29y = 2
–29y = –19 y = 19⁄29
Substitute back into Equation 2:
x = 3 – (38⁄29) = (87⁄29 – 38⁄29) = 49⁄29
Final Answer: x = 49⁄29, y = 19⁄29
2nd problem using elimination method
Multiply Equation 2 by 7:
7x + 14y = 21
Subtract Equation 1:
(7x + 14y) – (7x – 15y) = 21 – 2
7x + 14y – 7x + 15y = 19
29y = 19 y = 19⁄29
Substitute back: x = 49⁄29
Same Final Answer: x = 49⁄29, y = 19⁄29
