1 TRIGONOMETRY

EXERCISE - 1 : BASIC OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Trigonometric functions
 a 2  b 2  2ac  0
3. If 3 sin – 5 cos = a, then 5 sin + 3 cos is equal to
2sin  1  sin   cos 
1. If   then is equal to
1  sin   cos  1  sin  (a) 1 – a (b) 1  a 2

1
(a) (b)  (c) 34  a 2 (d) 34  a 2 or  34  a 2

Ans. (d)
(c) 1 –  (d) 1 + 
Ans. (b) Sol. Let 5sinθ + 3cos θ = b

2sin 1 sin  cos 2sin(1 sin  cos)  a 2 + b2 = (3sinθ - 5cosθ)2 +(5sinθ +3cosθ)2
Sol.   
1 sin  cos 1 sin  cos (1 sin)2  cos2 
= 34sin 2 θ +34cos 2 θ - 30sinθ. cosθ + 30sinθ .cosθ
=34
2sin  (1  sin   cos  ) 2sin  (1  sin   cos  )
 
1  sin 2   2sin   cos 2  2 sin 2   2sin   b 2 = 34 - a 2

 b =  34-a 2
1  sin   cos 
  4. Let 0     and x = X cos  + Y sin ,
1  sin 
2
2. If sin  and cos  are the roots of the equation
y = X sin – Y cos such that x2 + 4xy + y2 = aX2 + bY2,
ax2 – bx + c = 0, then a, b and c satisfy the relation :
where a, b are constants. Then
(a) a2 + b2 + 2 ac = 0 (b) a2 – b2 – 2 ac = 0
(c) a2 + c2 – 2 ab = 0 (d) a2 – b2 + 2 ac = 0 
(a) a = –1, b = 3 (b)  
6
Ans. (d)

b 
sin θ  cos θ  (c) a = 3, b = –1 (d)  
Sol. (Sum of roots) 3
a
Ans. (c)
c
sin θ  cos θ  (Product of roots)
a

b2
(si nθ+cosθ)2 
a2

b2
 sin 2 θ  cos 2 θ  2sin θ  cos θ 
a2

2c b 2
 1 
a a2
 TRIGONOMETRY
2 2
TRIGONOMETRY

Sol. x 2  X 2 cos 2   Y 2 sin 2   2XY sin .cos  (c) Third Quadrant

2 2 2 2 2
y  x sin   Y cos   2XY sin .cos  (d) Fourth Quadrant or First quadrant
x2  y2  X2  Y2 Ans. (d)
x 2  4 xy  y 2  aX 2  bY 2
4  X cos   Y sin   X sin   Y cos    aX 2  bY 2  X 2  Y 2 1-sinA sinA 1
Sol. Given + =
 2 2
4 X sin .cos   XY cos   XY sin   Y sin  cos  2 2
 1+sinA cosA cosA
  a  1 X   b  1 Y
2 2
2
2
 
4X sin  cos   4XY cos 2   sin 2   4Y 2 sin  cos   1 - sinA  1- sin A
   = 0
  a  1 X 2   b  1 Y 2
 cosA  cos A
comparing coefficients, we have
cos 2   sin 2   0
1- sin A
It is possible only when 0
cos   sin  cos A

   cos A  0
4
4 sin .cos   a  1
 A belongs to 1st and 4th quadrant.
4
 a 1
2 7. Which of the following is correct –
 a  2 1  3
and (a) sin 1º > sin 1 (b) sin 1º < sin 1
 4 sin  cos   b  1

4
  b 1
(c) sin 1º = sin 1 (d) sin1º  sin1
2
180
b  2  1  1 Ans. (b)

5. If tan  = – 4/3, then sin is Sol. As angle increases from 00 to 90 0 , sin x increases.

4 4 4 4 Since 1° < 57° < 1 radian < 90°

(a) but not (b) or
5 5 5 5
sin10  sin1
4 4 8. Which of the following is correct ?
(c) but not (d) none of these
5 5
(a) cos 1 > cos 2 (b) cos 1 < cos 2
Ans. (b)
(c) cos 1 = cos 2 (d) none of these
4 Ans. (a)
Sol. Given tan    ,Hence sinθ can be +ve (2nd quadrant)
3
Sol. 1c is in 1st quadrant and 2c is in 2nd quadrant .
or -ve(4nd quadrant)
cos1 is +ve and cos 2 is -ve

4 -4 Compound angles formulae

sinθ  or
5 5
17 5
1  sin A sin A 1 9. If sec A = and cosec B = ; if A, B lies in first quadrant
  , for all permissible 8 4
6. If
1  sin A cos A cos A then sec (A + B) is equal to
values of A, then A may belongs to
85 85
(a) First Quadrant (a) (b) 
36 36
(b) Second Quadrant
85 85
(c)  (d)
84 84

Ans. (b)
 TRIGONOMETRY 3

supplementary)
17 8 15
Sol. Given secA   cosA  ,sinA 
8 17 17 245 255
(a) (b)
1313 1313
5 4 3
cosecB   sinB  , cosB  735 765
4 5 5 (c) (d)
1313 1313
1 1 Ans. (b)
 sec(A+B)  =
cos(A+B) [Link]
5 99
Sol. Given sinA= ,sinB=
1 13 101

8  3   15  4
.  –   . 12 20
17  5   17  5  cosA= ,cosB=
13 101


–85 cosC=cos 180-  A+B   =-cos  A+B 
36
10. The two legs of a right triangle are =-  [Link]

 3   3  12 20 5 99  240 – 495 255

sin + sin     and cos – cos     . The = – × – × =– =
 2   2  
 13 101 13 101  13×101 1313
length of its hypotenuse is
12. If tanx. tany = a and x + y = /6, then tanx and tany satisfy
(a) 1 (b) 2 the equation
(c) 2 (d) some function of 
(a) x 2  3 1  a  x  a  0
Ans. (c)
Sol. hypotenuse (b) 3x   1  a  x  a 3  0

  3π   
2
 3π  
2
(c) x 2  3 1  a  x  a  0
=  sinθ+sin  -θ   +  cosθ-cos  -θ  
  2    2 
(d) 3x   1  a  x  a 3  0

 3π   3π  Ans. (b)
= 1+1+2sinθ.sin  -θ  -2cosθ.cos  -θ 
 2   2 
π
Sol. x+y=
6
 3 
 2 1  cos 
 2  π 1
tan  x+y  =tan =
6 3
 2 1  0 
tanx+tany 1
 =
 2 [Link] 3
11. The sines of two angles of a triangle are equal to
1-a
5 99  tanx+tany= (sum of roots)
& . The cosine of the third angle can be : 3
13 101

(Assume that sum of all angles in a triangle are

 4 TRIGONOMETRY

[Link]=a (product of roots) tanα+tanβ

Sol. tan(α+β)=
1-tanα·tanβ
1 a
 eqn is x  xa 0
2

3
m 1

 3 x  (1  a) x  3a  0
2
 m  1 2 m  1  m(2m  1)  m  1
m 1 (m  1)(2m  1)  m
1 ·
m  1 2m  1

13. If  = and  = , then tan  equals
2
2m 2  2m  1
(a) tan  + 2 tan  (b) 2tan  + tan   1
2m 2  2m  1
(c) tan  + tan  (d) none of these
Ans. (a) π
 α+β=
4
Sol.  –     tan  –    tan 
16. If A + C = B, then tan A tan B tan C is
tan  – tan (a) tan A tan B + tan C
  tan 
1  tan  .tan  (b) tan B – tan C – tan A
(c) tan A + tan C – tan B
 tan   tan   2 tan 
(d) –(tan A tan B + tan C)
  Ans. (b)
( tan tan = tan tan  –   = tan cot =1)
2  Sol. A+ C = B
14. tan 5x tan 3x tan 2x = .....
 tan(A + C) = tanB
(a) tan 5x – tan 3x – tan 2x
tan A + tan C
sin 5x  sin 3x  sin 2x  =tanB
(b) 1- tanA· tan C
cos5x  cos3x  cos 2x
(c) 0  tanA + tanC = tanB - tanA· tanB· tanC

(d) None of these  tanA· tanB· tanC = tanB- tanC - tanA

Ans. (a) 17. If tan, tan are the roots of the equation
x2 + px + q = 0 (p  0), then
tan3x+tan2x
Sol. tan5x=tan(3x+2x)= (a) sin () = –p (b) tan () = p/ (q – 1)
1-tan3x·tan2x
(c) cos () = 1 – q (d) none of these
 tan 5x - tan5x·tan3x·tan2x= tan3x + tan2x Ans. (b)
 tan5x·tan3x·tan2x = tan5x - tan3x - tan2x Sol. tanα + tan β = -p (sum of roots)
m 1
15. If tan = , tan  = , then  is equal to tan α· tanβ = q (sum of roots)
m 1 2m  1
(a) /4 (b) /3 tanα + tanβ -p p
tan(α+β) = = =
1- tanα· tanβ 1-q q-1
1 m m 1
(c) tan (d) tan 1
2m  1 2m  1
Ans. (a)
 TRIGONOMETRY 5

Multiple angle formulae

cos 2
 1 – tan     
1  tan 2 15   1  cos  – 2  
18. The value of is  1  tan    2 
1  tan 2 15

cos 2
3 
(a) (b) 1  cos  – sin  
  sin   cos  
2
2 
 cos   sin  
1
(c) (d) 3
2 cos 2
 1
Ans. (a)
 cos  – sin   sin   cos  

1 – tan 2 θ
Sol. cos 2θ 
1  tan 2 θ sin   a 
 cos   a 
2
(b) sin a  cos a tan a
1 – tan 15° 3 2
  cos 30 
1  tan 15°
2
2
19. Which of the following when simplified does not reduce a
sin a cos
to unity ?  2  cos a
a a
sin a cos  cos a sin
1  2 sin 2  2 2
(a)
   
2 cot     cos 2    
 4   4  a a a
2sin .cos .cos
 2 2 2  cos a
sin      a
(b)  cos      sin
2

sin   cos  tan
2
=1+ cos  - cos  = 1

1  tan  
2
2
1
(c) 
   
2 2
4 sin 2  cos 2  4 tan 2  1 1  tan 2 a 1  cos4 a 1  tan 2 a
(c)  
4sin 2 a cos 2 a 4 tan 2 a 4sin 2 a cos 2 a
1  sin 2
(d)
2  sin   cos  
2

 
2
1  cos2 a  sin 2 a 1  cos 2 2a
  1
Ans. (d) 4 sin 2 a cos2 a sin 2 2a

Sol. 1  2sin 2  1  sin 2a

    (d)
2  sin a  cos a 
2
2 cot     .cos 2    
4  4 

1  sin 2a 1
 

2 sin a  cos a  2sin a cos a
2 2
 2
 6 TRIGONOMETRY

(c) –cot 3 (d) none of these

3
20. If  < 2 < , then 2  2  2 cos 4 is equal to Ans. (b)
2
(a) –2cos (b) –2sin
Sol. cotθ - 2cot 2θ =
1
-
2
= -
2
1 2 1-tan θ  
(c) 2cos (d) 2sin tanθ tan2θ tanθ 2tanθ
Ans. (d)

Sol. 2 =

1- 1-tan 2 θ  = tanθ
2+ 2+2cos 4θ = 2+ 4cos 2θ
tanθ
= 2 - 2cos 2θ(  cos2θ is - ve ) 23. If cos 20° – sin 20° = p then cos 40° is equal to

= 4sin 2 θ (a)  p 2  p 2 (b) p 2  p 2

=2sinθ ( sinθ is +ve)

(c) p  2  p
2
(d) none of these

  Ans. (b)
21. If tan and tan are the roots of the equation
2 2
Sol. cos 20 - sin20 = p  p  0
8x2 – 26x + 15 = 0 then cos ( + ) is equal to

 
2
627 627  cos 20° - sin 20° = p2
(a)  (b)
725 725
 cos2 20° + sin 2 20° - 2sin20° · cos20° = p 2
(c) –1 (d) none of these
Ans. (a)  1- sin 40° = p 2
α β 26 13
Sol. tan +tan = =  sin 40° =1- p 2
2 2 8 4

α β 15
tan .tan =
 cos 40° = 1-sin 2 40° = 1- 1+p 4 -2p 2  
2 2 8
= 2p 2 - p 4 =p 2 - p 2
  13
tan  tan
   2 2  4  26 1 1
tan     24. If x + = 2 cos , then x3 + 3 =
 2 2  1  tan ·tan  1  15 7
 x x
2 2 8
(a) cos 3 (b) 2 cos 3

  676 1 1
1  tan 2 1 (c) cos 3 (d) cos 3
2 49 2 3
cos(  )  
2   676 Ans. (b)
1  tan 1
2 49
3
1  1 1 1
Sol. x3 + =  x+  - 3x·  x + 
49  676 627 x3  x  x  x 
 –
49  676 725
= (2cos θ)3 -3(2cos θ)
22. For all real values of , cot – 2 cot 2is equal to
(a) tan 2 (b) tan  
= 8cos3θ - 6cos θ = 2 4cos3 θ-3cos θ 
 TRIGONOMETRY 7

= 2 cos3θ  3 5 7 9 11 13

sin .sin .sin .sin .sin .sin .sin
 3 5 7 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
25. cos cos cos cos is equal to
8 8 8 8 is equal to

1 2 1
(a) 1/2 (b) (a) 1 (b)
2 2 16

1
1 2 (c) (d) none of these
(c) 1/8 (d) 64
2 2
Ans. (c)
Ans. (c)
π 3π 5π 7π 9π 11π 13π
π π π π Sol. sin ·sin ·sin ·sin ·sin ·sin ·sin
2cos ×sin ×2cos ×sin 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
π 3π 5π 7π
Sol. cos cos cos cos = 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 4 2 2
 π 3π 5π   6π 4π 2π 
=  sin ·sin ·sin  =  cos ·cos ·cos 
 14 14 14   14 14 14 
π π
sin ×sin
= 4 4
2
4  π π 2π 3π 
 2sin 7 ·cos 7 ·cos 7 ·cos 7 
= 
1  π 
= 2sin
8  7 

26. The value of sin 78° – sin 66° – sin 42° + sin 6° is
2
 2π 2π  4π  
1 1  2sin 7 ·cos 7  -cos 7  
(a) (b)   
2 2 =
 π 
 4sin 
(c) –1 (d) none of these  7 
Ans. (b)

Sol. sin78° - sin66° - sin42° + sin6° 2 2

 4 4   8 
 2sin 7 ·cos 7   sin 7  1
= 2cos72° ·sin6° - 2cos24° ·sin18°     
    8sin   64
8sin
= 2sin18° ·sin6° - 2cos24° ·sin18°  7   7 

 
= 2sin18° sin6° -sin66° = -2sin18° × 2cos36° ·sin30° 28. The value of
cos 12° . cos 24° . cos 36° . cos 48° . cos 72° . cos 84° is
 5 –1   5  1  1
 –2   .2. . 1 1
 4   4  2 (a) (b)
    64 32

–2  4  1 1 1
 – (c) (d)
16 2 16 128

27. The value of Ans. (a)

Sol. cos120 · cos240 · cos36° · cos48° · cos72° · cos84°

 8 TRIGONOMETRY

   
3
2sin120 · cos120 · cos240 · cos480 · cos96° = sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ -3sin 2 θ × cos 2 θ sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ
=– 0
2sin12
3 2
= 1 – 3sin2cos2 = 1 – sin 20
2sin36° · cos36°· cos72° 4
×
2sin36°
3 1
So mimimum = 1 – =
sin192 °
sin144 0 4 4
=- ×
16sin120 4sin36° 32. If A = 2 sin2 – cos 2, then A lies in the interval
(a) [–1, 3] (b) [1, 2]
sin12° sin36° 1
= 0
× °
= (c) [–2, 4] (d) none of these
16sin12 4sin36 64
Ans. (a)
Max-min values of trigonometric expression
Sol. A = 2sin 2 θ - cos2θ
29. If x R and x 0, then which of the following is not
=1 - cos2θ - cos2θ
possible ?
 1  2 cos 2θ  [1,3]
1 1
(a) 2sin   x  (b) 2cos   x 
x x Trigonometric equations

1 1 33. If 4 sin2 = 1, then the values of are

(c) 2sin   x  (d) sin   x 
x x
 
Ans. (d) (a) 2n   ,n  Z (b) n  , n  Z
3 3

1  
Sol. x+ is either  2 or  2 but sincant’t. (c) n  ,n  Z (d) 2n  , n  Z
x 6 6
30. Maximum value of sin x + cos x is Ans. (c)
(a) 1 (b) 2
2
1 π
1 Sol. 4sin 2 θ  1  sin 2 θ     sin 2
(c) (d)  
2 6
2 2
Ans. (c) π
 θ = nπ  ,n Z
6
 1 1 
Sol. sinx + cos x = 2  sinx + cosx 
 2 2  
34. The general solution of tan   = 0 is
2
π  (a) 2n n I (b) n n I
= 2sin  +x 
4 

(c) (2n + 1) ; n I (d) None of these
 2 (max. value) 2
31. Minimum value of sin6+ cos6 is Ans. (a)
(a) 0 (b) 1
θ θ
Sol. tan    0   nπ,n ∣
1 1  2 2
(c) (d)
2 4
 θ  2nπ, n  I
Ans. (d)
35. A solution of the equation cos2 + sin + 1 = 0, lies in the
    interval
3 3
Sol. sin 6 θ + cos 6 θ = sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ
 TRIGONOMETRY 9

(a) (–/4, /4) (b) (/4, 3/4) 3 2

Sol. 2sin   7sin   7 sin   2  0
(c) (3/4, 5/4) (d) (5/4, 7/4)
Ans. (d)  
 2 sin 3   1  7 sin   sin   1  0

Sol. cos 2 θ + sinθ +1=0

 
 2  sin   1 sin 2   sin   1  7 sin   sin   1  0
 1  sin θ  sin θ  1  0
2

 (sin θ  1)(1  sin θ  1)  0


  sin   1 2sin 2   2 sin   2  7 sin   0 
 sin θ  1 or sin θ  2 (not possible)  sin   1  0 or 2sin 2   5sin   2  0

3π  sin   1 or 2sin 2   4sin   sin   2  0

θ 
2
 sin   1 or 2sin   sin   2   1 sin   2   0
36. In 2 cos2  + 3sin  = 0, then the general value of is–

  1
(a) n1n  n I (b) 2n   n I  sin   1 or sin    sin   2 
6 6 2

   5
(c) n1n+1  n I (d) None of these   or   ,
6 2 6 6

Ans. (c) Total 3 solutions.

Sol. 2 cos2 θ  3sin θ  0 38. A value of satisfying cos + 3 sin = 2 is

 2  2sin 2 θ  3sin θ  0 5 4
(a) (b)
3 3
 2sin 2 θ  3sin θ  2  0
2 
 (sin θ  2)(2sin θ  1)  0 (c) (d)
3 3
 sin θ  2 (not possible) Ans. (d)

1  π Sol. Given cos θ+ 3 sin θ = 2

or sin θ    sin   
2  6
1 3
 cos θ + sin θ =1
 π 2 2
 θ = nπ  (1) n     , n  1
 6
 sin [Link] θ + [Link] θ =1  sin( + 30°) = 1
   = 60°
 θ = nπ  (1) n+1  , n 1
6
39. The number of solutions of cos + 3 sin = 5, 0 5,
37. The number of values of  in [0, 2] for which is
2 sin3  - 7 sin2  + 7 sin  = 2, is: (a) 4 (b) 0
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) None of these
(c) 3 (d) 1 Ans. (b)
Ans. (c)
Sol. cos θ  3 sin θ  5
 10 TRIGONOMETRY

1 3 5 2π
 cos θ  sin θ  4θ  nπ or 3θ  2nπ  , n 1
2 2 2 3

π  5 π π 3π 2π 8π 4π
 sin   θ   ,Which is not possible θ = , , or θ = , ,
 6  2 4 2 4 9 9 9

 no. of solution = 0 tan 3x  tan 2x

42. The set of values of x for which  1 is
1  tan 3x tan 2x
40. General solution of equation 3 cos  + sin = 2 is
(a) 
  (b) { / 4}
(a) n±  ; n I
4 6
(c) {n +  / 4 | n = 1, 2, 3.....}
  (d) { 2n +  / 4 | n = 1, 2, 3.....}
(b) 2n±  ; n I
4 6 Ans. (a)

  tan 3x  tan 2x
(c) 2n± – ; n I Sol. 1
4 6 1  tan 3x  tan 2x
(d) None of these  tan(3x  2x)  1
Ans. (b)
π
Sol. 3cos θ + sin θ = 2  tan x  1  tan
4

3 1 2 1 π
 cos θ + sin θ = =  x  nπ  , n  1
2 2 2 2 4

 π π π
 cos  θ    cos But, when x  nπ 
 6 4 4

π π  π π
 θ = 2nπ  + ,n  1 tan 2x  tan  2nπ    tan (not defined)
4 6  2 2

41. The possible values of   (0, ) such that  There is no values of x

sin () + sin (4) + sin (7) = 0 are
Solution of triangles
2  4  3 8  5  2 3 8
(a) , , , , , (b) , , , , ,
9 4 9 2 4 9 4 12 2 3 4 9 A 5 C 2
43. In a ABC, tan  , tan  , then
2 6 2 5
2   2 3 35 2   2 3 8
(c) , , , , , (d) , , , , , (a) a, c, b are in AP (b) a, b, c are in AP
9 4 2 3 4 36 9 4 2 3 4 9
(c) b, a c are in AP (d) a, b, c are in GP
Ans. (a)
Ans. (b)
Sol. sinθ + sin4θ + sin7θ = 0
A 5 C 2
 sin4θ + 2sin4θcos3θ = 0 Sol. given that tan 2  6 , tan 2  5
 (2 cos 3θ  1) sin 4θ  0
A C 2 5 1
 tan  tan   
1 2 2 5 6 3
 sin 4θ  0 or cos 3θ  
2
 TRIGONOMETRY 11

( S  b)( S  c) ( S  a )( S  b) 1  a   
   (a) a cot   (b) cot  
S (S  a) S ( S  c) 3 n 2  2n 

Sb 1    a   
  (c) a cot   (d) cot  
S 3  2n  4  2n 
Ans. (b)
 2 S  3b
Sol. If R be the radius of circumcircle of regular polygon of n
 a  b  c  3b
sides , and r be the radius of inscribed circle then
 2b  a  c

 a, b, c are in A.P..
44. A triangular park is enclosed on two sides by a fence and
on the third side by a straight river bank. The two sides
having fence are of same length x. The maximum area
enclosed by the park is

x3 1 2
(a) (b) x
8 2
a π a π
R cosec and r  cot
2 2n 2 n
3 2
(c) x2 (d) x
2 a π π
R  r   cosec  cot 
Ans. (b) 2 n n

 π
1  cos 
a n  a cot π
  
2 π  2 2n
 sin 
 n 

Sol. 46. For a regular polygon, let r and R be the radii of the inscribed
and the circumscribed circles. A false statement among the
following is

r 1
(a) there is a regular polygon with 
1 2 R 2
Area  x sin 
2
r 1
(b) there is a regular polygon with 
 (sin  ) max  1 R 2

1 2 r 2
 maximum Area  x (c) there is a regular polygon with 
2 R 3
45. The sum of the radii of inscribed and circumscribed circles
for an n sided regular polygon of side a, is
 12 TRIGONOMETRY

r 3 p
(d) there is a regular polygon with  As tan β = q , we have
R 2
Ans. (c) sin(θ  β)  sin θ cos β  cos θ sin β
r π
Sol. we have  cos
R n

π 1
Let cos 
n 2

π π
Thus we get  .
n 4
i.e. n  4 , acceptable .

π 1 π π
cos   = ,  n  3, acceptable.
n 2 n 3
q p p cos θ  q sin θ
 sin θ   cos θ  
π 3 π π p q
2 2
p q
2 2
p2  q2
cos   = ,  n  6, acceptable.
n 2 n 6
p 2

 q 2 sin θ
π 2 We then get AB 
p cos θ  q sin θ
But cos  will produce no value of n.
n 3
 A B C 
1 2 1 π π π 48. In a triangle ABC, 2ca sin   is equal to
   cos  cos  cos  2 
2 3 2 3 n 4
(a) a2 + b2 – c2 (b) c2 + a2 – b2
π π π (c) b2 – c2 – a2 (d) c2 – a2 – b2
 > >  3  n  4 (impossible)
3 n 4 Ans. (b)
47. ABCD is a trapezium such that AB and CD are parallel and Sol. We know that
BC  CD. If ADB = , BC = p and CD = q, then AB is
A+B  C  π
equal to
 AC  π B
(p 2  q 2 ) sin  p 2  q 2 cos 
(a) (b)
p cos   q sin  p cos   q sin  A-B+C π
  B
2 2
p2  q 2 (p 2  q 2 ) sin 
(c) (d)  A B C   
p 2 cos   q 2 sin  (p cos   q sin ) 2  2ca sin    2ca sin   B 
 2  2 
Ans. (a)
Sol. Using sine rule in triangle ABD, we get  a2  c2  b2 
 2ca cos B  2ca  
 2ac 
AB BD p 2  q 2 sin θ
  AB 
sin θ sin(θ  β) sin(θ+β)  a 2  c 2  b2

49. The sides of triangle are sin , cos and 1  sin  cos 
 TRIGONOMETRY 13

 would be greater than 900 which is not possible in a

for some 0    . Then the greatest angle of the triangle
2 triangle.
is
 P Q
(a) 120° (b) 90° 52. In a triangle PQR, if R  . If tan   and tan   are
2 2 2
(c) 60° (d) 150°
the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, a 0 then
Ans. (a)
(a) b = a + c (b) b = c
Sol. If a 2  sin 2  , b 2  cos 2  , c 2  1  sin αcosα
(c) c = a + b (d) a = b + c
–sinαcosα Ans. (c)
than cos C  (Using cosine rule)
2sinαcosα Sol.  R  90   P   Q  90
 cos C  1/ 2
P 90 Q
50. If in a triangle ABC   
2 2 2
C  A  3b
a cos 2    c cos 2    , P / 2 1  tan Q / 2
2 2 2  tan 
1 1  tan Q / 2
then the sides a, b and c
(a) are in AP (b) are in GP P Q P Q
 tan  tan  1  tan  tan
2 2 2 2
(c) are in HP (d) satisfy a + b = c
Ans. (a) b c
  1
a a
C A 3b
Sol. giveb a cos
2
 c cos 2 
2 2 2
 P Q 
 tan , tan are root of ax  bx  c  0 
2

 a(1  cos C)  c(1  cos A)  3b  2 2 

 a  c  (a cos C  c cos A)  3b c b
 1
a
 a  c  b  3b

 2b  a  c  c  ab
53. In a  PQR, if 3 sin P + 4 cos Q = 6 and
 a,b,c are in the A.P..
4 sin Q + 3 cos P=1, then the angle R is equal to
51. In a trangle ABC, if cotA cotB cotC > 0, then the triangle is
(a) acute angled (b) right angled 5 
(a) (b)
6 6
(c) obtuse angled (d) does not exist
Ans. (a)  3
(c) (d)
Sol. We have two possibilities 4 4

 i  All three terms are +ve .Hence all A,B and C are Ans. (b)
Sol. 3sin P  4 cos Q  6
[Link] acute angled triangle option  a 
4sin Q  3cos P  1
 ii  2 term are -ve and one term is +ve .Hence two angle
Squaring and adding
 14 TRIGONOMETRY

 16  9  24(sin( P  Q))  37 its foot and at a distance 40m from the foot. A possible
height of the vertical pole is
 24(sin( P  Q))  12 (a) 20 m (b) 40 m
(c) 60 m (d) 80 m
1 1 5π π
 sin( P  Q )   sin R   R  or Ans. (b)
2 2 6 6
Sol. α=A+β
5π  1
But if R  then P  and then sin P 
6 6 2 β  A  α

1 π
and so 3sin P  4 cos Q   4( 6) , Thus R 
2 6

Heights and distances

54. A person standing on the bank of river observes that the

angle of elevation of the top of a tree on the opposite bank
of the river is 60° and when he retires 40 meters away from
the tree the angle of elevation becomes 30°. The breadth of
the river is
(a) 40 m (b) 30 m
tan A  tan α
(c) 20 m (d) 60 m tan β 
1  tan A tan α
Ans. (c)
h  h 
– 
3 40  160 
 
5  h  h 
1    
 40  160 

 h 2  200h  6400  0

 (h  40)(h  160)  0

 h  40 or h  160
Sol.
56. A tower stands at the centre of a circular park. A and B are
two points on the boundary of the park such that AB (=a)
subtends an angle of 60° at the foot of the tower and the
angle of elevation of the top of the tower from A or B is 30°.
The height of the tower is

2a
Breadth of river OC  ACcos600 (a) (b) 2a 3
3
 40cos600 = 20m
a
(c) (d) 3
3
The upper   th portion of a vertical pole subtends an
3
55.
4 Ans. (c)

3 Sol. OP  tower

angle tan 1   at a point in the horizontal plane through
5 OAB is equilateral triangle
 TRIGONOMETRY 15

 OA  OB  AB  a
In ΔAOP

h
 h  7  h( 3  1)  7 3
3

7 3 7 3( 3  1) 7 3
h   ( 3  1)m
3 1 2 2

OP 58. A bird is sitting on the top of a vertical pole 20 m high and

tan 30 
OA its elevation from a point O on the ground is 45°. It flies off
horizontally straight away from the point O. After one
a second, the elevation of the bird from O is reduced to 30°.
 OP 
3 Then the speed (in m/s) of the bird is :

57. AB is a vertical pole with B at the ground level and A at the (a) 20 ( 3 – 1) (b) 40 ( 2 – 1)
top. A man finds that the angle of elevation of the point A
from a certain point C on the ground is 60°. He moves away (c) 40 ( 3 – 2) (d) 20 2
from the pole along the line BC to a point D such that
Ans. (a)
CD = 7 m. From D the angle of elevation of the point A is
45°. Then the height of the pole is
D B
7 3 1  7 3 1 
(a)  m (b)  m
2  3 1 2  3 1
Sol.
20
7 3 7 3
(c) ( 3  1) m (d) ( 3  1) m
2 2
30° 45°
Ans. (c)
C A O
Sol. Let height of the pole AB be h. then

BC  h cot 60  h / 3 Let speed of bird

BD  h cot 45  h = V m/sec.

As BD  BC  CD  DB=V=AC
 16 TRIGONOMETRY

in OAB  2
 Area of the sector   r2   25  25 cm 2
2 2
AB
tan 450 
OA
3
60. Number of sides of regular polygon of interior angle
20
4
1  OA  20 is
OA
Ans. (8)
in OCD
3
20 1 Sol. Given, Interior angle 
tan 30   4
OC 3
 3 
 n     n – 2 
20 1  4 
 
20  V 3
n8
 20 3  20  V
sec   tan 
61. If 5 sin = 3, then is equal to
sec   tan 
 V  20  
3 1
Ans. (4)
Numerical Value Type Questions
3
Sol. Given sin θ =
59. If the perimeter of a sector of a circle, of area 5
25 sq. cms. is 20 cms then area of a sector in sq cm is
sec θ + tanθ sec θ + tanθ
Ans. (25) 
secθ - tanθ secθ + tanθ

(sec θ + tanθ)2
 2 2
 sec2 θ + tan 2 θ + 2secθ .tan θ
sec θ - tan θ

Sol. 3
2 2
2 sin θ 3 5
 1  2 tan θ +
2
 1 2   
cos2 θ 4
  4
2

 
5

Given, area of the circle  25

9 6×5
=1 + + =4
  r  25
2
8 16

 r  5 cm 62. If sinx + sin2x = 1, then the value of

cos 12x + 3cos10x + 3cos8x + cos6x – 1 is equal to
Sector AOB, perimeter  20 cm
Ans. (0)
 2r    20
Sol. Given sinx + sin 2 x=1
   20  10  10 cm
 sin x = 1-sin 2 x = cos 2 x
 10
    2 radius
r 5  sin 2 x = cos 4 x

 1- cos 2 x = cos 4 x
 TRIGONOMETRY 17

 cos 4 x  cos 2 x  1  
 tan .cot 1
8 8
 (cos x + cos x) = 1 = 1
4 2 3 3

 3 4
 cos12 x + cos 6 x + 3cos10 x + cos8 x-1=0 67. If 0      , cos (  )  and cos (  ) 
4 5 5

  3   then sin 2is equal to

63. If f (x) = 3 sin 4   x   sin 4  3  x    2
  2   Ans. (1)

3 4
 6   Sol. cos(α+β) = ,cos (α-β) = ,α - β  0
sin  2  x   sin  5  x  then, for all permissible
6
5 5
   
values of x, f (x) is equal to 4 3
 sin(α+β)= ,sin(α-β) =
Ans. (1) 5 5

Sol.   
f  x  =3 cos 4 x+sin 4 x -2 cos 6 x+sin 6 x  sin 2α = sin[(α + β) + (α - β)]

= sin(α + β)·cos(α - β)  cos(   )·sin(   )

  
=3 1-2sin 2 [Link] 2 x -2 1-3cos 2 [Link] 2 x 
4 4 3 3 25
=3-6sin 2 [Link] 2 x-2+6sin 2 [Link] 2 x  ·  ·  1
5 5 5 5 25
1

64. The value of cos 1º cos 2º cos 3º .... cos 179º is 68. If A – B = , then (1 + tan A) (1 – tan B) =
4
Ans. (0)
Ans. (2)
Sol. cos90° = 0is a term in the expression,hence value is zero.
65. If cos 24º + cos 5º + cos 175º + cos 204º + cos 300º = , then π
Sol. A-B=
2equals to ____. 4
Ans. (1)
 tan  A-B =1
Sol 
cos 24  cos 5  cos175  cos 204  cos 300
0 0 0 

tanA- tanB
 =1
 cos 24  cos 50  cos 5  cos 240  cos 600 1+ tanA. tanB

1  tanA- tanB =1+ tanA. tanB

 
2
 1+ tanA - tanB - tanA. tanB=2
 2  1
 1+ tanA 1 - tanB =2
 3 69. If cos 2x + 2 cos x = 1 then sin2x (2–cos2x) is equal to
66. The value of tan tan is
8 8
Ans. (1)
Ans. (1) Sol. cos2x + 2cosx =1
 3    3   2cos 2 x-1+2cos x-1= 0
Sol. tan .tan  tan .cot   
8 8 8 2 8 
 cos 2 x + cosx-1= 0  1 – cos x = cosx
2
 18 TRIGONOMETRY

   
sin 2 x 2 - cos 2 x = 1- cos 2 x 2 - cos 2 x  8cos
4π 2π π
·cos ·cos ×2sin
π
= 9 9 9 9
 cosx(1+ cosx) = cos2 x+ cosx π
2sin
9
1
70. Minimum value of 5 sin2 + 4 cos2  is
4π 2π  2π 
Ans. (4) 8cos ·cos · sin  ×2
9 9  9 
=
Sol. 5sin 2 θ + 4cos 2 θ = 5sin 2 θ + 4 - 4sin 2 θ π
4sin
9
 4  sin 2 θ  4
71. Minimum value of sec2 + cosec2 is 4π  4π 
8cos  sin  ×2
Ans. (4) 9  9 
=
π
8sin
 2   tan   cot    2 tan  cot 
2
Sol. 9

 2  2   tan   cot    4
2

8π
8sin
72. The maximum value of 12 sin  – 9 sin  is 2
= 9
π
Ans. (4) 8sin
9
 4 
Sol. 12sinθ - 9sin 2 θ = - 9  sin 2 θ - sinθ  =1
 3 
74. If (2 n + 1)  = , then 2 n cos  cos 2  cos 2 2  ...
cos 2n–1 =
 2  4
2

 9  sin θ     Ans. (1)

 3  9 
Sol. 2n cosθ×cos2θ×cos22 θ…..cos2n-1θ
–5 –2 1
Now,
3
 sin θ 
3 3
=
  
2sinθ×cosθ×(2cos2θ)× 2cos22 θ .... 2cos2n-1θ 
sinθ
2
 2 25
0   sin θ   
 3 9
=
 
sin2θ×(2cos2θ)× 2cos22θ …× 2cos2n-1θ 
sinθ
2
4  2  4 21
    sin θ    
9  3 9 9 sin2n θ sin(π-θ)
= =
sinθ sinθ
 2  4
2

 21  9  sin θ      4 1
 3  9 
75. If sin1 + sin2 + sin 3 = , then cos + cos2 + cos 3 =
Ans. (0)
 5 7
73. The numerical value of 8 sin .sin .sin is equal to
18 18 18 Sol. Given sinθ1 + sinθ 2 + sinθ3 =3

Ans. (1) This is possible only when sinθ1 = sinθ 2 = sinθ3 =1

π 5π 7π  cosθ1  cos θ 2  cos θ3  0
Sol. 8 sin ·sin ·sin
18 18 18
 cosθ1  cos θ 2  cos θ3  0