DESIGN OF Z PURLINS

Purlin Designation P1 JOB No.:

DATE
Purlin Geometry
Span of the purlin = 6.000M
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2M
No. of Sag rods = 1
Slope of the Roof = 17.81 degrees.

Number of Spans = 5
(for 1 or 2 spans, Bending Moment Coefficient is 8, for 3 or more spans, it is 10)
(in case of Bending about minor axis, (No of spans)x(No of sagrods+1) is used.

Loads

Dead Loads
Weight of Sheeting = 30kg/sqm
Self Weight of Purlin = Automatically Calculated from Section properties
Extra for cleats, as % of Purlin weight = 10%
Additional Dead Loads to Consider = 0kg/sqm

Live Loads
Live load on Roof = Automatically Calculated from Slope
= 75 kg/sqm
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0kg/sqm
(For Design of Wall Girt (Cladding Runner), additional Live loads to be considered can be entered as -ve of LL on roof)
(Live load will have 0 effect)
Wind Loads
Basic Wind Speed 39 m/s Terrain Category 2
k1 1 Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 30m
k3 1 Hence, Bldg Class B
Height of Top 10.5m
Based on the data on the right, k2 is obtained from the tables.
k2 1

Height of building at eaves level, h = 8.25m

Width of the building, w = 30m
Length of the Building, l = 14m

Hence, h/w = 0.275

and l/w = 0.467

Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe are obtained from the tables noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (include sign) -0.5
Maximum Upward Cpe (include sign) -0.5

Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.6

 2689
May 8, 2019

)
tively)
Purlin Section Being Checked

Try Z200X2.4

Yield stress of material 2400KG/CM2

Flange Width, b 79mm
Depth of section d 203mm
Thickness t 2.3mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20mm
Inner Bending Radius 3mm

Area 9.01cm2
Zxx 57.37 cm3 Section Modulus about Major Axis
Zyy 15.82 cm3 Section Modulus about Minor Axis
Ixx 582.32 cm4 Moment of Inertia about Major Axis
Iyy 124.97 cm4 Moment of Inertia about Minor Axis

Purlin Weight 5.895 kg/sqm

Output Summary

Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

OK Based on IS 801 Clause [Link]

Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.65

Deflection Check OK? OK

Hence, Overall: OK

Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not m
Hence, Design is considered Safe even if the above check is not okay but a
2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
3. Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)
 mandatory
all other checks are okay
,
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Z Purlin Design Report

R1 2011

Revision History R0: Basic Design with checks for Stresses and Deflection based on IS 8
R1: Added Section property checks and Allowable Stress Calculations

JOB No. 2689

Purlin Geometry
Span of the purlin = 6,000
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2
No. of Sag rods = 1
Slope of the Roof = 17.81

Number of Spans = 3

Bending Moment Coefficients: Use 8 for Single/Two spans, 10 for 3 or more spans
Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10
For Bending About Minor Axis, Number of spans = number of spans x (number of sagrods + 1)
Number of Spans about Minor Axis = 6
Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy (BMCY) 10

Cross Sectional Area of Purlin 9.01 cm2

Purlin Weight = 7.074 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg
= 5.895 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing

Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases

DEAD LOAD

Weight of Sheeting 30,000

Self Weight of Purlin (calculated above) 5.895
Extra load for weight 10% of purlin weight 0.589
Other Dead Loads 0.000

Total Dead Load 36.484

= 0.365

LIVE LOAD

Live Load on Roof = 75 kg/sqm if slope is less than 10 degrees. If Slope is more than 10 degrees, LL = 75 – 2x(slope-10), subject to
Live load on Roof = 59.38
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0
(For the design of wall girt (cladding runner), additional live loads to be considered can be entered as negative values of LL on the roof)

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800 only
is based on IS 801

DATE : 8/5/19

M
M

deg.

g/sqcm/m) in kg/m
g

kg/m²
kg/m²
kg/m²
kg/m²

kg/m²
kN/sq m

a minimum of 40 kg/sqm
KG/M2
KG/M2

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Total Live Load 59.38

= 0.594
WIND LOAD

Basic Wind Speed Vb 39 m/s

k1 1
k3 1

Terrain Category 2
Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 30 m
Hence, Building Class is B
Height of Top 10.5 m

Based on the above data, k2 is obtained from the tables.

k2 1

Design Wind Speed Vz = [Link] 39 m/s

Design Wind Pressure pz=0.6Vz^2 912.600 N/sqm
= 0.913 kN/sqm

Height of building at eaves level, h = 8.25

Width of the building, w = 30
Length of the Building, l = 14

Hence, h/w = 0.275

and l/w = 0.467

Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe are obtained from tables as noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.5
Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.5

Based on the percentage of openings, CPI is considered as +/- 0.6

Wind Load is included in two load combinations – DL+WL and DL+LL+WL

Since Dead Load and Live Load are downward, DL+WL will be critical for the maximum upward wind force.
Similarly, DL+LL+WL will be critical for the maximum downward wind force.

WL1: Maximum Upward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+WL1

Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.5

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) -0.6

Therefore, Cpe + Cpi = -1.1

Design Wind Pressure pz 0.913 kN/sqm

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kg/m²
kN/sqm

m
m

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Wind pressure for Purlin Design -1.004 kN/sqm

WL2: Maximum Downward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+LL+WL2

Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.5

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) 0.6

Hence, Cpe+Cpi = 0.1

Design Wind Pressure pz 0.913 kN/sqm

Wind pressure for Purlin Design 0.091 kN/m²

Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases – Conversion of forces to Normal and Tangential Components

Spacing of the purlin = 1.2m

Slope of the Roof = 17.81 degrees

Total Dead Load = 0.365 kN/sqm

DL Normal Component = DL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.417 kN/m

DLTangential Component = DL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.134 kN/m

Total Live Load = 0.594 kN/sqm

LL Normal Component = LL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.678kN/m

LLTangential Component = LL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.218kN/m

Total Wind Load in WL1 = -1.004kN/sqm

WL is normal to the roof

Hence, WL1 normal component = WL1 x Spacing = -1.205kN/m
And, WL1Tangential component = 0 kN/m

Total Wind Load in WL2 = 0.091 kN/sqm

WL is normal to the roof.

Hence, WL2 normal component = WL2 x Spacing = 0.110 kN/m
And, WL2Tangential component = 0 kN/m

Design Calculations: Summary of Loads in Load Combinations

From the above calculations, the components of load in the various load combinations are tabulated.
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Normal Load 1.095 -0.788 1.205kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.134 0.352 kN/m

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nts

ed

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For Strength Design, a factor of 0.75 is applicable for combinations with Wind Load since 33.33% ex
Hence, the components of load in the various load combinations for Strength design are
DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)
Normal Load 1.095 -0.591 0.904 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.100 0.264kN/m

Maximum Normal Component = 1.095 kN/m

Purlin Section Selected:

Section Name Z200X2.4

Yield stress of material 2400 kg/cm²

Flange Width, b 79 mm
Depth of section d 203 mm
Thickness t 2.3 mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20 mm
Internal Bending radius 3 mm
Total bending Radius, rad 5.3 mm

Flange Width without bend, w = b - 2 x rad 68.4 mm

Area 9.01 cm2

Zxx 57.37 cm3
Zyy 15.82 cm3
Ixx 582.32 cm4
Iyy 124.97 cm4

Purlin Weight = 7.074 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg

= 5.895 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing

Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

Check No. 1 – Overall Depth <= 100t & >=L/45

Overall Depth 203mm
100t = 230mm
L/45 = 133.333mm

Hence OK

Check No. 2 – Overall Width of Compression Flange <= 35t

Flange Width, b 79mm
35t = 80.5mm

Hence OK

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Extra stress is allowed

g/sqcm/m) in kg/m
g

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Check No. 3 – Width of Lip >= b/5

Width of Lip 20mm
B/5 = 15.8mm

Hence OK

Check No. 4 – Total Width over both flanges >= L/60

Total Width over both flanges 155.7mm
L/60 = 100,000mm

Hence OK

Check No. 5 – Zxx of Purlin >= WL/1400 for Simply Supported Purlin and >= WL/1800 for Continuous
Zxx = 57.37 cm3

W is the normal component of unfactored distributed dead load plus imposed load in kN
L is the span of purlin in mm
W= 6.571 kN
L= 6000mm
Number of Spans = 3
Hence, denominator = 1800

WL/denominator 21.905

Hence OK

Result 1: Check for Section Properties Based on BS 5950 Part 5 Sec.9: OK

Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on IS 801 for Lip of Purlin

Minimum Depth of Lip shall be 2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) and not less than 4.8t

2.3mm
68.4mm
2400 kg/sqcm
w/t= 29.7391304348
2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2 - 281200/Fy)^(1/6) 19.485mm
4.8t= 11.04mm

Lip l= 20mm

Hence OK

Lip is edge stiffener only if w/t < 60

Here, w/t = 29.7391304348

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continuous Purlin

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Hence OK

Result 2: Check for Section Properties Based on IS 801 Clause [Link]: OK

Design Calculations: Stress Checks

Check for w/t, lim = 1435/sqrt(f)

According to clause [Link] of IS 801,

f is the actual stress in the compression element computed based on effective width

Compression stress based on full width = Max (Mxx/Zxx + Myy/Zyy) for all three unfactored components

Span for major axis bending = Span of purlin

= 6,000m
Span for minor axis bending = Span of purlin / (number of sagrods + 1)
= 3m

Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10

Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy (BMCY) 10
Note: Calculation for the above is at the top of the report

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Normal Load 1.095 -0.788 1.205kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.134 0.352 kN/m

Mxx 3.943 2.836 4.337KN-m

My 0.317 0.121 0.317KN-m

Mxx/Zxx 68.725 49.433 75.597N/sqmm

Myy/Zyy 20.019 7.619 20.019N/sqmm

Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy eighty-eight thousand

57.052
seven hundred
95.615N/sqmm
forty-four

Max. Compression Stress 95.615N/sqmm

f = 95.615N/sqmm
= 956.152 kg/sqcm

1435/sqrt(f) = 46.408
w/t = 29.7391304348

Hence OK Design is restricted to Fully Effective

Maximum Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange, as per Clause 6.3 of IS 80

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mbinations

the Section

01

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Calculate X=LS
2
xc/(dI)

and Y = PiEC
2
b/Fy

Fb, the Allowable Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange is calculated as
X < 0.18Y implies, Fb = 0.6Fy -CASE (i)
X > 0.18Y but X < 0.9Y implies, Fb = 0.667Fy - Fy . X / (2.7 Y) CASE (ii)
X > 0.9Y implies Fb = 0.3Fy . Y / X -CASE (iii)

L = Unbraced Length of member = Span / (Number of sagrods + 1) 300

Sxc = Compression Section Modulus of section about major axis = Zxx 57.37
d = Depth of Section = 20.3
Iyc = Moment of Inertia of the compression portion = Iyy/2 62.48430355

Hence, X = 4070.745

Pi = 3.1415926536
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000
Cb can be taken conservatively as per IS 801 by assuming M1=0 (end span) 1.75
F
y= 2400

Hence Y = 14925.720

Hence, 0.18 Y = 2686.630

And, 0.9 Y = 13433.148

Comparing X with 0.18Y and 0.9Y, the applicable case is 2

Hence, Fb = 0.667Fy - Fy.X / (2.7Y)

= 1357.570136163
= 135.757

Basic Allowable Design Stress = 0.6Fy 1440

= 144

Hence, allowable stress is calculated as lower of the two = 135.757

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Mxx/Zxx + Myy/Zyy 88.744 57.052 95.615 N/sqmm, calculate
Allowed 135.757 180.557 180.557

Safety Ratio 0.654 0.316 0.530

Max. Safety Ratio 0.654 OK

Shear Stress in Web

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cm
cm³
cm
cm^4

(unitless)

kgf/sqcm

kg/cm²

(unitless)

kg/sqcm
N/sqmm

kg/cm²
N/sqmm

N/mm²

ed above

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According to clause 6.4.1 of IS 801, the allowed maximum average shear stress Fv in kgf/sqcm is calculated.

Case 1: If h/t is less than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=1275 x sqrt(Fy) / (h/t) 1275 x sqrt(Fy)/(h/t) =
Case 2: If h/t is more than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=5850000 / (h/t)^2 5850000/(h/t)^2 =
Both are subject to maximum 0.4Fy 0.4Fy =

h 198.400mm (Clear Depth between flanges = Dep

t 2.300
Hence, h/t = 86.261

4590/sqrt(Fy) = 93.693

Hence, Case is: 1

Hence, Fv = a maximum of 0.4Fy

= 724.106 kgf/sqcm

Actual Shear =wl/2 Here, w = SQRT(Wn^2 + Wt^2)

DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)

Normal Load 1.095 -0.591 0.904 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.100 0.264 kN/m

w= 1.150 0.599 0.941 kN/m

Hence, Shear= 3.451 1.798 2.824kN
Shear Stress fv=V/dt 7.563 3.940 6.189

Stress Ratio 0.104 0.054 0.085

Max. Shear Stress Ratio in Web 0.104

Hence OK

Bending Stress in Web

As per clause 6.4.2 of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending.
Fbw = 36560000/(h/t)^2
Here, h/t already calculated above as 86.261

Hence, Fbw = 4913.359 kg/sqcm

491.336N/sqmm
Basic Allowable Design Stress calculated earlier = 0.6Fy
144 N/sqmm

Hence, governing value for Fbw = 144N/sqmm

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as

724.106
786.191
960

pth – 2 x thickness

nding

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Already calculated fbw = Mxx/Zxx since Zyy at web is very high (x=t/2, Z=I/x)
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Mxx/Zxx 68.725 49.433 75.597N/sqmm
Fbw 144 191.52 191.52

Safety Ratio 0.477 0.258 0.395

Max. Safety Ratio 0.477
In summary, bending stresses in the web are: OK

Combined Shear and Bending Stresses in Web

According to clause 6.4.3 of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending.
SQRT((fbw/Fbw)^2+(fv/Fv)^2) must be less than 1

In this clause, Fbw is not restricted by 0.6Fy and Fv is not restricted by 0.4Fy.

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Hence, Fbw = 491.336 653.477 653.477
And Fv = 724.106 963.061 963.061

Actual stresses already calculated are

fbw 68.725 49.433 75.597
7.563 3.940 6.189

fbw/Fbw 0.140 0.076 0.116

fv/Fv 0.010 0.004 0.006

SQRT of sum of square 0.140 0.076 0.116

Maximum Combined Stress Ratio in Web is 0.140

In summary, Combined stresses in Web is: OK

Result 3: Check for Stresses: OK

Overall Safety Ratio 0.654

Design Calculations: Deflection Check

Theoretical Deflection is calculated as (5/384) (wl^4/EI) for Simply Supported beam and (3/384

Here, number of spans = 5

Hence, formula to use = (3/384) (wl^4/EI)

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ending

(wl^4/EI) for multiple spans

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w is the normal component of unfactored distributed load in kN/m, max. of all load combinations
= 1.205 kN/m

L = Span of the Purlin 6,000m

E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000kg/sqcm

= 207400N/sqmm

I = Ixx 582.32 cm^4

Hence, Theoretical Deflection = 10.10mm

Allowable Deflection as per IS codes is Span/180: 33.33mm

Hence OK

According to MBMA, the permitted deflection from the live load component must be within Span/240.

Span 6,000m
or 6000 mm

Span/240 = 25.00mm

Normal Component of Live Load 0.68 kN/m

Hence, deflection from Live Load = 5.687414739

Hence OK

Result 4: Check for Deflection: OK

Results Summary

Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part

OK Based on IS 801 Clause [Link]

Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.65

Deflection Check OK? OK

Hence, Overall: OK

Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not mandatory.

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5 - 1998

ory

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2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)

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