Content Creator:
Sahil Gupta
Subject Expert Physics, Vedantu
B.E. PEC Chandigarh
6 Years JEE/NEET Teaching &
Content Experience
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Kinematics
Projectile Motion
Introduction to Projectile Motion
● In Projectile Motion, object
moves only under the force of
gravity.
● Acceleration due to gravity (g)
act downwards always.
Types of Projectile Motion
Ground to ground Projection Height to ground Projection Projectile on Inclined Plane
Ground to Ground Projection
Best way to study
Projectile is to
Break it into
2 Motions
along X and Y axis.
Let us go into past and see
Bachpan Of Vinay Sir and
Arvind Sir
Let us now Analyse the
Projectile mathematically
Ground to ground projection
Ground to ground projection
Points to note:
● Vₓ remains constant.
● Vy initially decreases, becomes zero & then increases in
opposite direction.
● At highest point, only vertical component of velocity is
zero, horizontal velocity remains constant.
Velocity
Let us now talk about
Time of Flight
Time to Reach Top
Time to Reach Top/Time of ascent
● Time of ascend (ta) = uy/g
Time to Reach Bottom
Time of ascent/descent
Time of ascend (ta) = Time of descend
(td ) = uy/g
Time of Flight
Time of Flight
Let us now talk about
Maximum Height
Maximum Height
Let us now talk about
range of Projectile
Range
Range
Let us analyse variation of
Range with u and 𝜃
Variation with u
Variation with 𝜃
Variation with 𝜃
Remember
Range is same for complementary
angles 𝜃 and 90-𝜃
Range for complementary angles
Remember!!
Range is maximum at 45o
Let us find Equation of trajectory
Equation of Trajectory(Derivation)
Equation of Trajectory(Derivation)
X-coordinate
Y-coordinate
Equation of Trajectory(Derivation)
This is equation of trajectory of projectile. It is of the form
y = ax – bx2 where
a = tanθ
and
The equation represents a parabola.
Formula summary
● Equation of Trajectory:
Let us solve some
questions now
A projectile is fixed as shows :-
Find (i) initial velocity in vector form
(ii) velocity after 1 sec.
50m/s
37°
50m/s
37°
Solution:
(i)
(ii) vx = ut vy = u cos θ – gt
= 30 – 10 × 1
= 20 m/sec
A projectile is fixed as shows :-
Find (iii) time to reach top
(iv) time of flight
(v) time in which velocity make an angle 30°
with horizontal
50m/s
37°
50m/s
37°
Solution:
(iii)
(iv) Tf = 6 sec.
(v)
A projectile is fixed as shows :-
Find (vi) maximum Height
(vii) Range
50m/s
37°
50m/s
37°
Solution:
(vi)
(vii)
A projectile is fixed as shows :-
Find
(i) initial velocity in vector form
(ii) velocity after 1 sec.
(iii) time to reach top
(iv) time of flight
20m/s
53°
A projectile is fixed as shows :-
Find:
(v) time in which velocity make an angle 30° with
horizontal
(vi) maximum Height
(vii) Range
20m/s
53°
A particle is projected with 6î + 8ĵ.
Find (i) Maximum height
(ii) Range
(iii) Time of flight
Hope you all are
enjoying Projectile
Find minimum speed of ball u such that ball
just crosses the tower.
u 30m
45°
50m
u 30m
45°
50m
Solution:
Let us try some mind
developing problems
A ball is projected as shown.
(i) Find the time after which velocity becomes
perpendicular to initial velocity.
(ii) Also find velocity at that instant.
𝜽
u
𝜽
Solution:
Initial velocity = usinθ u cosθ
Taking dot product of two vectors.
u ⊥ v. ∴ u.v = 0
A ball is projected from ground with 10m/s at
37° with horizontal. Find time after which
velocity becomes perpendicular to initial
velocity.
A 5/3 sec
B 6/5 sec
10m/s
C 3/5 sec
37
D None of these
10m/s
37
A ball is projected from ground with 10m/s at
37° with horizontal. Find time after which
velocity becomes perpendicular to initial
velocity.
A 5/3 sec
B 6/5 sec
10m/s
C 3/5 sec
37
D None of these
Solution:
t =u/gsinθ under the condition that θ > 45
According to question, θ < 45 so velocity would
never become perpendicular to initial velocity.
A ball is fired perpendicularly from an inclined
plane towards another plane as shown. If it
also strikes the second plane perpendicularly,
Find (i) Time of flight
(ii) Velocity
(iii) Displacement AB
A 90°
B
60° 30°
A 90°
B
60° 30°
Solution:
A 90°
B
60° 30°
A batsman hits a sixer in Wankhede stadium.
On which step, will the ball strike in cricket
ground.
1m
1m
20m/sec y 1m
1m
53°
45°
10m
1m
1m
20m/sec y 1m
1m
53°
45°
10m
Now let us solve new variety of
Questions
A ball is fired as shown. Find its Range.
10m/s
37°
A ball is fired towards wall as shown. Find the
position of ball when it reaches ground
assuming elastic collision with wall if
(i) x = 4m, (ii) x = 4.8 m, (iii) x = 6m
10m/s wall
37°
x
10m/s wall
37°
x
10m/s wall
37°
x
Ground to Ground
Projection is Over
Let us start with
Height to ground Projection
2 Possible Cases
Projectile fired Projection fired
horizontally from height at an angle from height
Projectile fired horizontally from
Height
Projectile fired horizontally from
Height
Time of flight
H
Range (R)
H
Speed when reaches ground
H
Ball A is released from top of tower of height
H. Simultaneously Ball B is given a horizontal
speed u from top of same tower. Which ball
would take longer to reach ground?
A ball rolls over edge of cliff of height 45 m
with speed 10m/s. Find time of flight & range.
Find the time after which velocity of balls will
become ⊥ to each other.
u2 u1
H
Find u such that ball strikes the plane
perpendicularly
10m
37°
A ball is projected from to of a tower of height
80m with u = 50m/s at an angle 37o with
horizontal. Find range & time of flight.
A 320 m, 8 sec
37°
B 400 m, 10 sec
80 m
C 300 m, 8 sec
D None
Find minimum value of u with which the ball
should be projected such that the ball just
touches the sphere of radius R.
u
R
θ
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