TABLE 2.
3 Summary of Important Parameters and Associated Formulas and Equation
Numbers
Equation
Parameter Formula Number
Infinitesimal area dA =2sin 0 do dó (2-1)
of sphere
Elemental solid dl = sin de do (2-2)
angle of sphere
Average power
density
W.=;Re|Ex H| (2-8)
Radiated Prad = Pa = Wa ds = ; Re[E x H"]- ds (2-9)
power/average
radiated power
Wo rud
Radiation density (2-11)
4r2
of isotropic
radiator
Radiation intensity U=rWrad = Bo F(0,¢) :r2 (2-12),
(far field)
(2-12a)
x[|Es(r, 0, o) +|Esr, 9, o)l]
4zU 41 (2-16).
Directivity D=
Uo Prad
D(0, ) (2-23)
Beam solid angle F,(0.) sin de dp (2-24)
F(0, ¢) (2-25)
F,(0, ¢) =
|F(Ø.4)lmax
(continued overleaf)
110 FUNDAMENTALPARAMETERS OF ANTENNAS
TABLE 2.3 (continued)
Equation
Parameter Formula Number
Maximum Dmax = Do = Umax 4n Umax
(2-16a)
directivity Do U Prud
Do = De + D
(2-17)
Partial directivities 4xUa 47U
D, =
Do. D Prad (Prad)e + (Prad)o (2-17a)
4nU
D, = (2-17b)
Prad (Pradde + (Prud )Ç
Approximate Ap 41,253
Do º (2-26).
maximum
directivity (one (Kraus)
(2-27)
main lobe pattern)
32 In 2 22.181 72,815 (2-30).
(2-30a),
(Tai-Pereira) (2-30b)
Approximate 101
maximum
directivity D0- HPBW(degrees) - 0.0027HPBW(degrees) ]²
(omnidirectional (McDonald) (2-33a)
pattem)
Do -172.4 +191,/0.818 + (2-33b)
HPBW(degrees)
(Pozar)
47U(0, ) (2-46).
G= =ecd
Gain G(e,) Pn Prad
(2-47).
Prad =ecd Pin
(2-49)
Antenna radiation R,
eed = (2-90)
efficiency ecd R, + R.
Loss resistance R. RL = Ry=p 20 (2-90b)
(straight
wire/uniform
current)
Loss resistance RÊ RL
(straight wirela/2 2PV 2a
dipole)
TABLE 2.3 (continued)
Equation
Parameter Formula Number
Maximum gain Go Go = eod Dmax = Ccd Do (2-49a)
(2-50)
Partial gains Go = Go+ Go
Go. Go 47 U 4nU¢ (2-50a),
Ge = Go =
Pin Pin (2-50b)
Gabs =e, G(0. )) = e,eaD(0, ) = (| - |Iec D(0. ¢) (2-49a)
Absolute gain
= eoD(0.) (2-49b)
Gabs
Total antenna eo = e,e,eg = e,eod = (1- |r)ecd (2-52)
efficiency eo
Reflection e, = (l- |r') (2-45)
efficiency er
Beam efficiency U0. ) sin do dÙ
BE BE = 0 (2-54)
U0. 0) sin de d
Polarization loss PLF =lÙ,P? (2-71)
factor (PLF)
Vector effective ,(0,¢) = âglo (0. 4) + âl, (0. ) (2-91)
length ,(0.)
Polarization (2-7la)
Pe =1e2|Einc (2
efficiency Pe
(2-72),
Antenna ZA= RA + jX = (R, + RL) + jXA
impedance ZA (2-73)
Aem = (2-96).
Maximum
effective area Aem (2-111),
(2-112)
Aem maximum effective area
Aperture Eap= (2-100)
Ap physical area
efficiency Eap
(continued overleaf)
112 FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS OF ANTENNAS
TABLE 2.3 (continued)
Equation
Parameter Formula Number
(2-118),
Friis transmission
equation (2-119)
(2-125),
Radar range P. Go Gor A
=0
equation P 47 (2-126)
Jim 4zR2 ET
Radar cross |E|?
section (RCS) (2-120a)
= lim
Brightness Ta(0. ¢) = s(0.)Tm = (l- |rTm (2-144)
temperature
Ta(0. ¢)
Antenna Ta(0.)G(0.)sin 0de d¢
Jo
temperature TA TA = P2T (2-145)
G0.) sin 0do d¢
