Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
Experiment No. 2
Basic Logic Gates (NOT, AND, OR)
Objective:
• Understanding the characteristics and principles of logic gates.
Introduction:
Logic gates are the simplest component of any logic circuit. So, to understand the
computer logic, you should understand and master the logic operators (gates). A gate
is a digital electronic circuit having only one output but one or more inputs. The
output or a signal will appear at the output of the gate only for certain input-signal
combinations.
There are many types of logic gates; such as AND, OR and NOT, which are
usually called the three basic gates. Other popular gates are the NAND and the NOR
gates; which are simply combinations of an AND or an OR gate with a NOT gate
inserted just before the output signal. Other gates include the XOR “Exclusive-OR”
and the XNOR "Exclusive NOR" gates.
In this experiment, we will investigate (NOT , AND, and OR) logic gates and
study their operations according to the truth table.
• NOT Gate:
The NOT gate is also known as an inverter, simply because it changes the input
to its opposite (inverts it). The NOT gate accepts only one input and the output is the
opposite of the input.
Input Output
Input Output 1 0
0 1
1
Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
Figure 1.1: NOT gate symbol and truth table.
2
Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
• AND Gate:
The AND gate requires two inputs and has one output. The AND gate only
produces an output of 1 when BOTH the inputs are a 1, otherwise the output is 0.
A B A.B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
Figure 1.2: AND gate symbol and truth table.
• OR Gate:
The OR gate has two input lines and one output line. Basically, if either or both
of the inputs are a 1, the resulting output value is a 1. Note in the truth table, the only
time the output is 0 is when both inputs are 0.
A B A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
Figure 1.3: OR gate symbol and truth table
Procedure:
A. Basic logic gates Using CircuitMaker:
i: AND gate:
1. Open CircuitMaker from computer desktop.
2. Open new file by selecting New from File menu.
4. From Devices menu select Hotkay1 and then insert 2-In AND gate (1), logic
display (1). And from Hotkay2 insert Logic Switch 0V (2) and.
5. By using symbol try to connect the following circuit:
3
Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
6. Start simulating your circuit by clicking on symbol.
7. Fill the following table:
SW0 SW1 L1
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
ii: OR gate:
1. From Devices menu select Hotkay1 and then insert 2-In OR gate (1), logic
display (1). And from Hotkay2 insert Logic Switch 0V (2) and.
2. By using symbol try to connect the following circuit:
3. Start simulating your circuit by clicking on symbol.
4. Fill the following table:
SW0 SW1 L1
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
4
Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
Q1/ Design OR gate with 3 inputs as in figure below and determine the truth
table.
Q2/ Design OR gate with 4 inputs as in figure below and determine the truth
table.
Q3/
A. Refer to figure shown below. Are they identical? Determine truth tables for
B. both circuits:
5
Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
Q4/
Solutions:
Q1)
Q2)
6
Duhok Polytechnic University
Zakho Technical Institute
IT Dept./ 1 Year Class
st Lab. No (2)
Q3)
Q4)
