Solution

QUADRILATERALS & HERONS FORMULA

Class 09 - Mathematics
Section A
1. (a) 60°
Explanation:
∠ ROQ = ∠ SOP = 60° ...(i) [Vertically opposite angles]

∴ PR = SQ ⇒ PO= SO (Diagonals of a rectangle are equal and bisect each other)

⇒ ∠ OPS = ∠ OSP ...(ii) [∵ In a triangle, angles opposite to equal sides are equal]

In △POS, by angle sum property

∠ OSP + ∠ OPS + ∠ SOP = 180°

⇒ 2∠ OSP = 180° - 60° [Using (i) & (ii)]

⇒ ∠ OSP = 60°
2.
(c) 135o
Explanation:
Given,

ABCD is a quadrilateral
∠A = 45o,
∵ diagonals of quadrilateral bisects each other hence ABCD is a parallelogram,

⇒ ∠ A + ∠ B = 180o
⇒ 45o + ∠ B = 180o
⇒ ∠ B = 180o - 45o = 135o

3. (a) 38 ∘

Explanation:
∠ DAC = ∠ ACB = 32o ( alternate angles)
∠ AOB + ∠ COB = 180o ( linear pair)
∠ COB = 180 - 70o = 110o
In triangle BOC,
∠ BOC + ∠ OCB + ∠ CBO = 180o ( angle sum property)
110o + 32 o+ ∠ CBO = 180o
∠ CBO = 180o - 142o = 38o
4.
(b) 90o
Explanation:

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 Given: ABCD is a parallelogram in which AO and BO are angle bisectors of ∠ A and ∠ B.
Now since ABCD is a parallelogram
∴ AD || BC

Now AD || BC and transversal AB intersect them

∴ ∠ A + ∠ B = 180° (∴ sum of consecutive interior angle is 180°)
1 1 ∘
⇒ ∠A + ∠B = 90
2 2

⇒ ∠ 1 + ∠ 2 = 90° (∴ AO and BO are angle bisectors) ... (i)

In △AOB we have
∠ 1 + ∠ AOB + ∠ 2 = 180°

⇒ 90° +∠ AOB = 180° (from (i))

⇒ ∠ AOB = 180° – 90° = 90°

5.
(c) rectangle
Explanation:
rectangle

Let ABCD be a rhombus and P,Q,R and S be the mid-points of sides AB, BC, CD and DA respectively.
In △ABD and △BDC we have
SP ∥ BD and SP = BD ..... (1) [By mid-point theorem]
1

RQ ∥ BD and RQ = 1

2
BD ..... (2) [By mid-point theorem]
From (1) and (2) we get,
SP ∥ RQ
PQRS is a parallelogram
As diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles.
∴ AC⊥BD
Since, SP ∥ BD, PQ ∥ AC and AC⊥BD
∴ SP⊥PQ
∴ ∠QPS = 90o
∴ PQRS is a rectangle.

6. (a) Diagonals of ABCD are equal and perpendicular

Explanation:
A quadrilateral formed by joining the mid points of a square is a square. So, ABCD is a square. In Square, diagonals are equal
and perpendicular.
7.
(c) 190°
Explanation:
∠ADC + ∠ DCB = 180° (Sum of adjacent angles of a parallelogram is 180°)
⇒ 85° + x = 180° ⇒ x = 95°

Now, DC || AE and CB is a transversal.

∴ y - x - 95° (Alternate interior angles)

∴ x + y = 95° + 95° = 190°

8.
(b) AB = BE

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 Explanation:

In the figure, △BCD is a parallelogram, where AB is produced to E such that OC = OB

In △OBE and △OCD,
∠1 = ∠ 2 (Vertically opposite angles)
∠3 = ∠ 4 (Alternate interior angles)
OB = OC (given)
∴ △OBE ≅ △OCD (By ASA congruency)

⇒ BE = CD (By CPCT)

Also, AB = CD (y ABCD is parallelogram)

∴ AB = BE

9.
(d) Rectangle
Explanation:
Rectangle

10. (a) 5 cm
Explanation:
Given,
ABCD is a parallelogram

P is mid point of side BC

∠ BAP = ∠ DAP

AD = 10cm
∵ AD || BC

∠ DAP = ∠ APB [alternate angles]

∠ DAP = ∠ BAP

AB = BP (side opposite to equal angles)

⇒ BP = BC
1

∴ AB = 1

2
BC = 1

2
× 10 = 5 cm
AB = CD = 5cm (sides of parallelogram)
Hence, CD = 5 cm
11.
(d) 120o, 60o, 120o, 60o
Explanation:
Let ABCD be a parallelogram and AP and CQ are the altitudes drawn from vertex A on sides DC and BC.
In quadrilateral APCQ, sum of the all angles = 360o
So, 60o + 90o + ∠ C + 90o = 360o
∠ C = 360o - 240o = 120o
∠ C + ∠ B = 180o (co-interior angles)
∠ B = 180o - 120o = 60o
In parallelogram, opposite angles are equal.
So, ∠ A = ∠ C = 120o and ∠ B = ∠ D = 60o

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12.
(d) 40 ∘

Explanation:

Given, ABCD is a parallelogram having ∠ BAO = 35°, ∠ DAO = 40° and ∠ COD = 105°
Now, ∠ COD = ∠ AOB = 105° [vertically opposite angles]
In △AOB, by angle sum property of triangle,
⇒ ∠ AOB + ∠ OAB + ∠ ABO = 180°

⇒ 105° + 35° + ∠ ABO = 180°

⇒ ∠ ABO = 40°

13. (a) 135o, 135o

Explanation:
AB is parallel to DC.
angle A + angle D = 180o (co-interior angle)
angle D = 180o - 45o = 135o
Similarly by following same argument, angle C = 135o
14.
−−−−−−−
(d) 1

4
2
b√4a − b
2

Explanation:
a+a+b 2a+b
Here s = 2
=
2
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Area of triangle = √s (s − a) (s − b) (s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2a+b 2a+b 2a+b 2a+b
=√ 2
(
2
− a) (
2
− a) (
2
− b)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2a+b 2a−b
=√ 2
(
b

2
)(
b

2
)(
2
)

−−−−−−−
= b

4
√4a2 − b2

15.
–
(c) 8√5cm 2

Explanation:
−−−−−−−
Area of isosceles triangle = b

4
√4a2 − b2

Here,
a = 6 cm and b = 8 cm
Thus, we have
−−−−−−−−
8 2 2
× √4(6) − 8
4

8 −−−−−−−
= × √144 − 64
4
8 −−
= × √80
4
8 –
= × 4√5
4
– 2
= 8√5cm

16.
(d) √3 cm2
–

Explanation:

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 √3 2
Area of equilateral triangle = 4
(Side)

√3 2
= 4
(2)
–
= √3 sq. cm

(a) 10√3 cm2

–
17.
Explanation:
5+7+8
s= 2
= 10 cm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Area of triangle = √s (s − a) (s − b) (s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √10 (10 − 5) (10 − 7) (10 − 8)
−−−−−−−−−−−
= √10 × 5 × 3 × 2
–
= 10√3 sq. cm
18.
–
(d) 5√3cm
Explanation:
√3
Height of equilateral triangle = 2
× Side
√3
= × 10
2
–
= 5√3cm

19.
–
(d) 100 √3 m 2

Explanation:
Perimeter of equilateral triangle = 60 m
⇒ 3 × side = 60 m

⇒ side = 20 m

√3
Area of equilateral triangle = 4
(Side)
2

√3
= 4
20 × 20

–
= 100√3 sq.m

20.
(b) 24 cm2
Explanation:
−−−−−−− −−−−−−−
Perpendicular = √10 − 8 = √100 − 64 = 6 cm
2 2

Area of triangle = × Base × Height

1

2
1
= 2
× 8 × 6 = 24 sq. cm

21.
(c) 30 cm
Explanation:

The smallest altitude is ⊥ drawn to the largest side of a Δ from opposite point.
i.e. BD Area of Δ = × Ac × BD = × 112 × BD = 56 × BD
1

2
1

2
50+78+112
s= 2
= 120cm
s - AB = 70 cm, s - BC = 42 cm, s - AC = 8 cm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
Area = √s(s − AB) − (s − BC )(s − AC )

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 −−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √120 × 70 × 42 × 8

= 1680 cm2
Now, 56× BD = 1680 cm2
1680
⇒ BD= 56
= 30 cm

(a) 25√3 cm2

–
22.
Explanation:
√3 2
Area of equilateral triangle = 4
(Side)

√3 2
= 4
(10)
–
= 25√3 sq. cm
23.
m2
√15
(b) 4

Explanation:
1+2+2 5
s= 2
=
2
m
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Area of triangle = √s (s − a) (s − b) (s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

==√ 5

2
(
5

2
− 1) (
5

2
− 2) (
5

2
− 2)

−−−−−−−−−−−−
5 3 1 1
==√ 2
×
2
×
2
×
2

√15
= 4
sq. m

24.
(b) 30 cm2
Explanation:

−−−−− −−−−−
AB = √(13) 2 2
− (5) = 12 cm
1 1
Area = 2
× BC × AB =
2
× 5 × 12

= 30 cm2

25.
(d) 50 cm2
Explanation:
Here, the base and height of the triangle are 10 cm and 10 cm, respectively.
Thus, we have
1
Area of triangle = 2
× Base × Height
1
= × 10 × 10
2

= 50 cm2

26.
−−
(c) √15 cm 2

Explanation:
4+4+2
s= 2
= 5 cm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Area of triangle = √s (s − a) (s − b) (s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √5 (5 − 4) (5 − 4) (5 − 2)

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 −−−−−−−−−−−
= √5 × 1 × 1 × 3=
−−
= √15 sq. cm

27. (a) 4 cm
Explanation:
−−−−−−−
Height of isosceles triangle = 1

2
√4a2 − b2
−−−−−−−−
=
1

2
√4(5)
2
− 6
2
(a = 5 cm and b = 6 cm)
1 −−−−−−−
= × √100 − 36
2
1 −−
= × √64
2
1
= × 8
2

= 4 cm
28.
(d) 294 cm2
Explanation:
Let the sides be 3x, 4x and 5x.
Then according to quesiton, 3x + 4x + 5x = 84
⇒ 12x = 84

⇒ x = 7

Therefore, the sides are 3 × 7 = 21, cm, 4 × 7 = 28 cm and 5 × 7 = 35 cm

21+28+35
s= 2
= 42 cm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Area of triangle = √s (s − a) (s − b) (s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √42 (42 − 21) (42 − 28) (42 − 35)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √42 × 21 × 14 × 7
= 21 × 7 × 2 = 294 sq. cm

29.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
In ΔABC, E and F are midpoint of the sides AC and AB respectively.
FE || BC [By mid-point theorem]
Now, in ΔABP, F is mid-point of AB and FQ || BP. Q is mid-point of AP
AQ = QP

30. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Since, opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal.
Therefore, 3x - 2 = 50 - x
x = 13
One angle is 37o
31.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
√3
Area of an equilateral triangle = 4
2
a , where a is side of triangle
– √3
2
81√3 = a
4

81 × 4 = a2
324 = a2

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 a = 18 cm
18+18+18
s= 2
= 27 cm

32.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
The height of the triangle,
√3
h= 2
a
√3
9= 2
a
9×2 18 √3
a= = ×
√3 √3 √3

18√3 –
= 3
= 6√3 cm

Section B
33. Given: ∠ C = 55°

Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal

∵ ABCD is a parallelogram

∴ ∠ A = ∠ C = 55°

Also,
∵ AEFG is a parallelogram
∴ ∠F = ∠ A = 55°
Hence, ∠ F = 55°

34.

∠ AOB + ∠ AOD = 180o ... (linear pair)

⇒ 70° + ∠ AOD = 180o
In △AOD, we have
∠ DAO + ∠ AOD + ∠ ADO = 180o ... (sum of angles of a △)
⇒ 32° +110° + ∠ ADO = 180o
⇒ ∠ ADO = (180o - 32o -110o) = 38o.
Now, ∠ OBC = ∠ ADO = 38o .... (alt. interior angles)
∴ ∠ DBC = ∠ OBC = 38° .

Hence , the ∠DBC = 38°

35. In the given figure ABCD, ∠ A = 72o
We know that opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal
Hence, ∠ A =​ ∠ C and ∠ B =
​ ∠D
∴ ∠ C = 72o
∠ A and ∠ B are adjacent angles.

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 ∴ ∠ ​ ∠ B​= 180o
A+
∠ B = 180o - ∠ A
​∠ B​= 180o - 72o = 108o
∴ ∠ ​ B​=​∠ D = 108o
Hence, ∠ B​=​∠ D = 108o and ∠ C​= 72o
Section C
36. Since ABCD is a parallelogram, we can write
AB ∥ DC
Now, AB || DC and transversal BD intersects them at B and D.
∴ ∠ 1 = ∠ 2 ...............(Alternate interior angles)

Now, in triangles ABM and CDN, we have

∠ 1 = ∠ 2 ..................(Proved above)

∠AMB = ∠ CND ........(Each 90o)

AB = DC ...............(Opposite sides of parallelogram)
∴ △ ABM ≅ △CDN .......(By AAS criterion of congruence)
∴ AM = CN ( by CPCT).
Hence proved
37. i. Since, AB ∥ DC and AC is transversal
∴ ∠1 = ∠2 (Alternate angles)

And ∠3 = ∠4 (Alternate angles)

But, ∠1 = ∠3
∴ ∠2 = ∠4

∴ AC bi sec sts ∠C

ii. In △ABC and △ADC

AC = AC [common]
∠ 1 = ∠ 3 [given]

∠ 2 = ∠ 4 [proved]

∴ △ABC ≅ △ADC
∴ AB = AD [By CPCT]
∴ ABCD is a rhombus

38. Given: ABCD is a square. AC and BD are its diagonals bisect each
other at point O.

To prove: AC = BD and AC and BD meet at point O.

Proof: In triangles ABC and BAD,
AB = AB [Common]
∠ ABC =∠ BAD = 90°

BC = AD [Sides of a square]
∴ △ABC ≅ △BAD [By SAS congruency]

⇒ AC = BD [By C.P.C.T.]

So, the diagonals AC and BD are equal.

Hence proved.
Now, In triangles AOB and AOD,

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 AO = AO [Common]
AB = AD [Sides of a square]
OB = OD [Diagonals of a square bisect each other]
∴ △ AOB ≅ △AOD [By SSS congruency]
∠ AOB = ∠ AOD [By C.P.C.T.]
But ∠ AOB + ∠ AOD = 180° [Linear pair]
∴ ∠ AOB =∠ AOD = 90°

⇒ OA ⊥ BD or AC ⊥ BD

Hence proved.
39. Given: ABCD is a parallelogram and AP and CQ are perpendicular from vertices A and C on diagonal BD respectively.
To Prove :
i. △APB ≅ △CQD
ii. AP = CQ.
Proof :
i. In △APB and △CQD
AB = CD . . . [Opp. sides of || gm ABCD]
∠ ABP = ∠ CDQ . . .[Alternate interior angles for AB||CD]

APB = ∠ CQD . . .[Each 90o]

∴ ∠

△APB ≅ △CQD . . . [By AAS rule]

ii. As △APB ≅ △CQD . . .[As proved above]

∴ AP = CQ . . .[c.p.c.t.]
a+a+a
40. S = 2
units = 3a

2
units
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
∴ Area of triangle = √ 3a

2
× (
3a

2
− a)(
3a

2
− a)(
3a

2
− a)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−
=√ 3a

2
×
a

2
×
a

2
×
a

2
–
= a

4
√3 sq units
Now, perimeter = 180 cm
∴ each side =
180
= 60cm
3

Using above derived formula

√3 2
∴ Area of signal board = 4
(60) sq cm
–
= 900 √3 sq cm
41. The two-parallel sides are AB = 90 cm and CD = 30 m. DM ⊥ AB
Now, MB = AB – AM = 90 m – 30 m = 60 m.
BD = 100 m

In right triangle DMB, we have ∠ M = 90°

By using Pythagoras theorem
DB2 = DM2 + MB2
DM2 = DB2 – MB2
= (100)2 – (60)2
DM2 = 10,000 – 3600 = 6400
−−−−
⇒ DM = + √6400 = 80m

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 ∴ The area of the field ABDC which is trapezium in shape = 1

2
× (Sum of the parallel sides) × height
1 2
= × (90 + 30) × 80m
2
1 2
= × 120 × 80 = 4800m
2

Total cost of ploughing the field at the rate of ₹ 4 per m2 = ₹ (4800 × 4) = ₹ 19,200.
Hence the total cost of ploughing the field is ₹ 19200.
42. Perimeter = 84 cm.
Ratio of sides = 13 : 14 : 15
Sum of the ratios = 13 + 14 + 15 = 42
∴ One side (a) = × 84 = 26 cm.
13

42

Second side (b) = 14

42
× 84 = 28 cm.
15
Third side (c) = 42
× 84 = 30 cm
a+b+c
∴ s= 2
26+28+30 84
= 2
= 2
= 42 cm
∴ Area of the triangle
− −−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √42(42 − 26)(42 − 28)(42 − 30)
−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √42(16)(14)(12)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √42(16)(14)(4 × 3)
= (42)(4)(2) = 336 cm2
Section D
43. i. We know that line joining mid points of two sides of triangle is half and parallel to third side.
Hence RQ is parallel to BC and half of BC.
28
RQ = 2
= 14 cm
Length of RQ = 14 cm
ii. By mid-point theorem we know that line joining mid points of two sides of triangle is half and parallel to third side.
25
PQ = AB

2
=
2
= 12.5 cm
BC 28
QR = 2
=
2
= 14 cm
AC 26
RP = 2
=
2
= 13 cm
Length of garland = PQ + QR + RP = 12.5 + 14 + 13 = 39.5 cm
Length of garland = 39.5 cm.
iii. As R and P are mid-points of sides AB and BC of the triangle ABC, by mid point theorem, RP || AC Similarly, RQ || BC and
PQ || AB. Therefore ARPQ, BRQP and RQCP are all parallelograms. Now RQ is a diagonal of the parallelogram ARPQ,
therefore, △ARQ ≅ △PQR Similarly △CPQ ≅ △RQP and △BPR ≅ △QRP So, all the four triangles are congruent.
Therefore Area of △ARQ = Area of △CPQ = Area of △BPR = Area of △PQR
Area △ABC = Area of △ARQ + Area of △CPQ + Area of △BPR + Area of △PQR
Area of △ ABC = 4 Area of △PQR
△PQR = ar(ABC) 1

OR
As R and Q are mid-points of sides AB and AC of the triangle ABC. Similarly, P and Q are mid points of sides BC and AC by
mid-point theorem, RQ || BC and PQ || AB. Therefore BRQP is parallelogram.
44. i. Since, ABCD is a parallelogram.
∠ A + ∠ D = 180o (adjacent angles of a quadrilateral are equal)
(4x + 3)o + (5x + 3)o = 180o
9x = 180o
x = 20
∠ D = (5x - 3)o = 97o
∠ D = ∠ B (opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal)

Thus, ∠ B = 97o
ii. ∠ B = ∠ D (opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal)
⇒ 2y = 3y - 6

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 ⇒ 2y - 3y = -6
⇒ -y = -6
⇒ y = 6

iii. ∠ A = ∠ C (opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal)

⇒ 2x - 3 = 4y + 2

⇒ 2x = 4y + 5

⇒ x = 2y +
5

OR
AB = CD
⇒ 2y - 3 = 5

⇒ 2y = 8

⇒ y=4
45. i. By joining mid points of sides of a quadrilateral one can make parallelogram.
S and R are mid points of sides AD and CD of ΔADC, P and Q are mid points of sides AB and BC of ΔABC, then by mid-
point theorem SR || AC and SR = AC similarly PQ || AC and PQ = AC.
1

2
1

Therefore SR || PQ and SR = PQ
A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if a pair of opposite sides is equal and parallel.
Hence PQRS is parallelogram.
ii. ∠ RQP. = 30o, Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal.
iii. Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.
Thus, ∠ RSP + ∠ SPQ = 180o
50o + ∠ SPQ = 180o
∠ SPQ = 180o - 50o
= 130o
OR
RQ = 3 cm
Opposite side of a parallelogram are equal.
a+b+c
46. i. Semi perimeter of the triangle = 2
, where a,b,c are the sides of triangle.
28+26+25
s= 2

= 79

= 39.5cm
ii. Length of RQ = 1

2
of BC
1
= 2
× 28
= 14 cm
iii. Length of rope = Perimeter of △PQR
= (12.5 + 13 + 14) cm
= 39.5 cm
OR
12.5+13+14
s= 2
, where s is the semi-perimeter of △PQR.
= 19.75 cm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
Area of △PQR = |√s(s − 12.5)(s − 13)(s − 14) |
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= |√19.75(19.75 − 12.5)(19.75 − 13)(19.75 − 14)|
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= |√19.75(7.25)(6.25)(5.75)|
−−−−−
= √5145.8

= 71.73 cm2
47. i. Portion I is an isosceles triangle with sides 1, 5, 5 [Base = 1]
∴ 2s = 1 + 5 + 5 = 11 ⇒ s = 11

2
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−−−−
Area of I = √ 11

2
(
11

2
− 1) (
11

2
− 5) (
11

2
− 5) = √
11

2
×
9

2
×
1

2
×
1

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−
= √5.5 × 4.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 = √6.1875

= 2.5 cm2 (nearly)

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 ii. Portion II is a rectangle with sides 6.5 cm and 1 cm
So, Area of portion II = length × breadth
Area of portion II = 6.5 × 1 = 6.5 cm2
iii. Portion III is a trapezium with parallel sides 2 cm and 1 cm
Area of portion III = × sum of parallel sides × height of the trapezium
1

Area of portion III = 1

2
(2 + 1) (height of the trapezium-III)
−−−−−−−−− −
−
(1.73) = 1.3 cm2 (nearly)
3 3 3 3√3 3
2 2
= (√1 − (0.5) ) = √ = =
2 2 4 4 4

OR
Portion IV is a triangle with base1.5 cm and height 6 cm.
1
Area of portion IV = 2
× base × height
Area of portion IV = 1

2
(1.5)(6) = 4.5 cm2
48. i. Let x cm be the length of equal sides of the isosceles triangle.
So, x + x + 4 = 20
2x + 4 = 20
2x = 20 - 4
2x = 16
16
x= 2
= 8 cm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
ii. Area of triangle = |√s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c) |,where s is the semi-perimeter of △
iii. Since, semi perimeter
s = 10 cm
Thus, area of the triangle
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
√s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c) = √10(10 − 8)(10 − 8)(10 − 4)
−−−−−−−−−
= √10(2)(2)(6)
= 4√15 cm2
−−

OR
Let the sides of a triangle are
a = 3x, b = 5x, c = 7x
then a + b + c = 300
3x + 5x + 7x = 300
15x = 300
x = 20
So, a = 60, b = 100, c = 140
a+b+c
s= 2
300
= 2

= 150
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
Area of triangle = √s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √150(150 − 60)(150 − 100)(150 − 140)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= √150 × 90 × 50 × 10
= 1500√3 m2
–

49. i. For area of one grey and red triangle, sides are 4cm, 4 cm, 3 cm.
∴ 2s = 4 + 4 + 3 = 11 ⇒ s =
11

∴ area of one grey and red triangle

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−
11 11 11 11 11 3 3 5 3 −− 2
= √ ( − 4) ( − 4) ( − 3) = √ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ = √55 cm
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4

3
ii. For area of single red triangle, sides are 2 cm, 2 cm, 2
cm

∴ 2s = 2 + 2 + 3

2
=
11

2
⇒ s=
11

4
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−−−−−−−−−−
−− 2
∴ area = √ 11

4
(
11

4
− 2) (
11

4
− 2) (
11

4
−
3

2
) = √
11

4
⋅
3

4
⋅
3

4
⋅
5

4
=
3

16
√55 cm

−− 2
iii. Area of grey part = 4(area of one grey part) = 4 ( 3

4
−
3

16
) √55 cm

3 −− 9 −− 2
= (3 − ) √55 = √55 cm
4 4

OR

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 Area of red part : Area of grey part
−− −−
=
3
√55 :
16
9
√55 =
4
:
3

16
= 3 : 36 = 1 : 12
9

Section E
50. Let:
a = 91 m, b = 98 m, and c = 105 m
a+b+c 91+98+105
∴ s=
2
=
2
= 147 m
⇒ s = 147 m
By Heron's formula, we have:
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
Area of triangle = √s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √147(147 − 91)(147 − 98)(147 − 105)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √147 × 56 × 49 × 42
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √7 × 3 × 7 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 3 × 2

= 7 × 7 × 7 × 2 × 3 × 2

= 1446 m2
We know that the longest side is 105 m.
Thus, we can find out the height of the triangle corresponding to 42 cm.
Area of triangle = 4116 m2
× Base × Height = 4116 ⇒ (105)(Height) = 4116
1 1
⇒ ×
2 2

⇒ Height = 4116×2

105
= 78.4 m

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