EUROPE

Moupi Chakrabarty(06)
ADBMS(Div. K)
EUROPE
 Europe is the world's second-smallest continent by surface area, covering
about 10,180,000 square
kilometers (3,930,000 sq mi) or 2% of the Earth's surface
and about 6.8% of its land area.

 Europe is the third-most populous continent after Asia and

Africa, with a population of 731 million or about 11% of the
world’s population.

• Russia is the largest by both area and population (although the country
covers both Europe and Asia), while the Vatican City is the smallest.

• Both World wars were largely focused upon Europe, greatly contributing to
a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th
century as the United States and Soviet Union took prominence

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HISTORY
 History of Europe describes the history of humans inhabiting the
European nation since it was first populated in prehistoric times to
present, with the first human settlement between 45,000 and 25,000
BC.

 Europe, in particular Ancient Greece, is the birthplace of Western

culture . It played a predominant role in global affairs from the 16th
century onwards, especially after the beginning of colonialism.

 During the Cold War, Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain
between NATO in the west and the Warsaw Pact in the east. European
integration led to the formation of the Council of Europe and the
European Union in Western Europe.

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Some important events…

 700 BC : Epic poem Iliad by Homer, earliest account on the continent.

 44 BC : Julius Caesar is murdered. The Roman Republic drawing to a close.

 27 BC : Establishment of the Roman Empire under Octavian.


AD 330: Constantine makes Constantinople into his capital, a new Rome.

 1095 : Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade.


1340 : Black Death kills a third of Europe's population .

Contd.
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 1492 : Christopher Columbus lands in the New World.

 1497 : Vasco da Gama departs to India starting direct trade with Asia.

 1498 : Leonardo da Vinci paints The Last Supper in Milan, as the

Renaissance flourishes.

 1707 :The United Kingdom of Great Britain is formed by the union of

England and Scotland.

 1789:The French Revolution.

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 1815 : Following the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte the Treaty of Vienna is
signed.

 1914 : Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria is assassinated and World War

I begins.

 1945 : World War II ends with Europe in ruins.

 1950 : The Schumann declaration begins European unity.

 1989 : The Berlin Wall comes down leading to the end of Communism.

 2004 : The European Union takes in most of the former communist east,
reuniting the continent.

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AREA
 Area = 10,180,000 sq.km. (3,930,000 sq. miles)

 2% of the Earth's surface and about 6.8% of its land area.

 Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the

water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the
Caspian Sea, the Caucasus region and the Black Sea to
the southeast.

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Population
 Population : 731,000,000

 Pop. Density : 70/sq.km. (181/sq miles)

 Europe is the third-most populous continent after

Asia and Africa, with a population of 731 million or about
11% of the world's population. However, according to the
United Nations, Europe's share may fall to about 7% by
2050.In 1900, Europe's share of the world's population
was 25%.

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Geographical features
 The following are the 10 longest rivers in Europe alongside their
approximate lengths :

 Volga -   3,690 km (2,293 mi)

 Danube - 2,860 km (1,777 mi)
 Ural   -    2,428 km (1,509 mi)
 Dnieper - 2,290 km (1,423 mi)
 Don   -     1,950 km (1,212 mi)
 Pechora - 1,809 km (1,124 mi)
 Kama -  1,805 km (1,122 mi)
 Oka   -   1,500 km (932 mi)
Volga river-The longest in Europe
 Belaya - 1,430 km (889 mi)
 Tisza   -   1,358 km (844 mi)

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MAJOR LAKES AND INLAND SEAS

 Lake Constance (Austria, Germany, Switzerland; Bodensee)

 Dojran Lake (Republic of Macedonia and Greece)
 Lake Geneva (France, Switzerland; Lac Léman or Lac de Genève)
 Lake Lugano (Switzerland, Italy)
 Lake Maggiore (Switzerland, Italy; Lago Maggiore)
 Lake Neusiedl(Austria, Hungary)
 Lake Ohrid (Albania, Republic of Macedonia)
 Lake Peipsi-Pihkva (Estonia, Russia)
 Lake Great Prespa (Albania, Republic of Macedonia, Greece)
 Lake Small Prespa (Albania, Greece)

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Mountain ranges in Europe
 Ural Mountains
 Caucasus Mountains
 Carpathian Mountains
 Alps
 Apennines
 Pyrenees
 Cantabrian Mountains
 Scandinavian Mountains
 Dinaric Alps
 Balkan mountains
 Scottish highlands
 Pennines

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Demographics
 Europe is home to the highest
number of migrants of all global
regions at 70.6 million people.

 The most densely populated

country in Europe is the
Netherlands, ranking third in the
world after Bangladesh and South
Korea.

 Europe had nearly a quarter of the

world's population.

Population growth and decline of Europe

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List of countries 

Liechtenstein  
Lithuania
  Luxembourg  
 Albania
 Andorra
 Republic of Macedonia  
 Armenia  Malta
  Austria     Moldova  
 Azerbaijan  Monaco  
  Belarus  Montenegro  
  Belgium  Netherlands  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
  Bulgaria
 Norway  
  Croatia    Poland  
 Cyprus  Portugal  
 Czech Republic  Romania  
  Denmark  Russia  
  Estonia  San Marino  
  Finland
  France
 Serbia  
  Georgia
 Slovakia
  Germany   Slovenia
  Greece   Spain
   Hungary   Sweden
  Iceland   Switzerland
 Ireland
  Italy  
  Turkey
 Kazakhstan
  Ukraine 
 Latvia  United Kingdom
  Vatican City

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Economy
 GDP (PPP) (US$): $18.140 trillion (2009)

 GDP (Currency) (US$): $18.885 trillion (2009)

 GDP/capita (PPP) (US$): $27,383 (2009)

 GDP /capita (Currency) (US$): $25,285 (2009)

 Annual growth of per capita GDP: 2.8%

 Unemployment: 10.0% (Nov 2009)

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Popular religion in Europe
 Christianity
 Roman Catholicism
 Orthodox Christianity
 Islam
 Judaism
 Hinduism
 Buddhism
 Rastafarian
 Sikhism and Jainism
 West African Voodoo
 Haitian Voodoo
 Traditional African Religions

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Culture
The culture of Europe might better be described as a series
of overlapping cultures.

• Painting
• Sculpture
• Music
• Classical Music
• Folk Music
• Popular Music
• Architecture
• Literature
• Performing arts
• Film

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CUISINE

• Steak
• Dairy products
• Wheat-flour bread
• Pasta, dumplings and pastries
• Potato

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