Quarry Department
Trainee: ROS Sochea
Position: Junior Engineer Trainee
Trainer: TUY Chhunleng
Contents
1. Quarry process
2. Unit operation of mining
3. CMIC concession and Topography
A. Mineable reserve estimation at East and Middle Area
4. Lithology of eastern and crusher area
5. Quarry planning
6. Blasting design
A. Pattern design
B. Sources of fly-rock and back-break
7. External Raw Material
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1. Quarry process
Prospecting Exploration Development Exploitation Reclamation
Geology Mine operation
• Regional geology • OB removal
• Geochemistry • Drilling
• Geophysics • Blasting
• Drilling • Loading
• Sampling • Hauling
Mine Planning Mining processing
• Topographic map • Crushing
• 3D geology solids • Classifying
• Drilling database
• Geo-statistics
• Block modeling
• Quarry long-term planning
• Mine design
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2. Unit operation of mining
Drilling
Rock Breakage
Blasting
Production
Cycle
Unit
Operation Loading
Auxiliary Material
Operation Handling Haulage
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2. Unit operation of mining cont.,
Drilling Process Blasting
Production
cycle
Loading
Hauling
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3. CMIC Concession and Topography
• Concession area 6.96 km2 and L-
Shaped.
• Total depth of drilling hole
exploration 4,264 m and 45 holes.
• Overall mineable reserve
approximately 227 Mt, mining life
201 years included Development
stage.
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A. Mineable Reserve Estimation at Eastern and Middle area
Reserve in East and middle area
60.00
Total = 118.88 MT
50.00 47.63
40.00
34.14 33.49
Million ton
30.00
20.00
10.00
3.62
0.00
Micritic Limestone Semi Marble Cherty Limestone Argillanceous limestone
Type of rock
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4. Lithology of Eastern and Crusher area
• Semi-marble and upper micritic
limestone are high-grade limestones with
average CaO contents >54%. Their SR is
low (average 1.8-1.9).
• Lower micritic limestone has lower
average CaO content of 51% and a high
SR of 8.9.
• Chhert Limestone has contained CaO 45-
47% and high SR of 8-18
• Argillaceous limestone is the lowest
grade limestone with average CaO of 42-
44%, SiO2 of 11-12% and Al2O3 of 3.5%.
Average SR is 2.3-2.5.
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5. Quarry planning
• Geotechnical knowledge to
conduct with Rock slope analysis
• Initial exploitation
• Quarry development: quality &
quantity requirements, seasonality
considerations, chosen
equipment, and stripping ratio
• Dumping site: short distance not
wasting time, No interference with
further development, and stability
Mining & Dumping concept after 50yrs
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5. Quarry planning
Φ = 5.7 deg
• Berm Height = 75% of truck wheel and width = 1m
• Trench = 0.5m
• Bench height = 12m
• Ramp = 10% ~ 5.7Deg
• Rock slope within safety factor = 1.5 > safe
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6. Blasting Design
2𝑆𝐺𝑒 Spacing 𝑆 = 𝐵
𝐵 = 0.012 × + 1.5 × 𝐷𝑒
𝑆𝐺𝑟 Sub-drill J = 0.3 x B
Stemming T = 0.85 x B
SGe = Specific gravity of explosive
SGr = Specific gravity of rock Rock volume/hole = B x S x H
De = diameter of drill hole
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A. Pattern Design
Free Face rectangular pattern Free Face Staggered pattern
Longer Delay time
Shorter Delay time
Blast hole
Development Blast
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B. Sources of Fly Rock and Back break
M
a
r
kin
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C
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ors
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or E
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or
s
• Geological structure
• Blast condition
• Improper charging and firing
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7. Blasting
Check Current
Cut Emulsion into piece Charging + Measuring
Stemming
ANFO
Emulsion
Electric Gap for blast Initial explosive
De =127mm
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7. Blasting
After blasted
Back break
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8. External Raw Material
D = 1m
D ≈ 3m
Clay in Srae Kann Laterite Chhouk
SiO2 < 50% Fe2O3 ≥ 35%
Al2O3 > 25% SiO2 ≤ 50%
Moisture < 18% Moisture ≤ 8%
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8. External Raw Material
D ≈1m
D ≈1.5 m
New Area Previous Area
Laterite Doung Tung
SiO2 < 50%
Fe2O3 ≥ 30%
Moisture < 10%
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8. External Raw Material
Bauxite Quarry
Al2O3 ≥ 20%
SiO2 ≤ 30%
Moisture ≤ 15%
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