ADMIXTURE AND ITS TYPES
Presented by: Group E
Section: T
Undersupervision: Prof. Dr khan
Shahzada
Date: November 13, 2024
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING
AND TECHNOLOGY PESHAWER
(UET Peshawer)
Scheme of Presentation
Reasons of
Introduction Uses
using
Classificatio Chemical
Functions
n Admixture
Mineral
Admixture
Definition
An admixture for concrete is
defined as a material other
than water, hydraulic cement,
and aggregates that is used as
an ingredient of concrete and
is added to the batch
immediately before or during
its mixing.
Reasons of Using
The main reasons for using admixtures are:
To reduce the cost of concrete construction.
To achieve certain properties in concrete
more effectively than by other means.
To maintain the quality of concrete during
the stages of mixing, transporting, placing,
and curing in adverse weather conditions.
To overcome certain emergencies during
concreting operations
USES
An admixture is used to improve
the concrete in the various ways
including the following:
➢ To achieve specific
properties in fresh and
hardened concrete (e.g., better
workability).
➢ To maintain the consistency
during the stages of mixing,
transporting, placing, finishing
and curing, especially in
adverse weather conditions.
➢ Better strength and durability of hardened
concrete
➢ Overcoming certain emergencies during
concreting operations
➢ Saving in the cost of construction
Functions of Admixtures
To improve workability of fresh concrete
To retard or accelerate initial setting
To prevent or reduce shrinkage, segregation
To retard or reduce heat evolution during early
hardening
To improve durability by entrainment of air
To increase strength
To reduce the water required
To produce high early strength
To aid curing
water proofing property
To increase bond of concrete to steel reinforcemen
Classification of
Admixtures
Chemical Addmixture
1. Accelerators:
These
are used to reduce initial setting time.
They speed up the process of initial
stage of hardening concrete hence they
are also called accelerators.it also
improve the strength of concrete in it
early stage by increasing rate of
hydration.
2. Retarders:
These slow
down the rate of hydration of cement
in its initial stage and increase the
initial setting time of concrete. It is
used especially in high temperature
zones where concrete will set quickly.
3. Air Entraining Agent:
These are used to increase the durability
of concrete under freezing and thawing
conditions.When added to concrete
mixture these admixtures will form
millions of air bubbles throughout the
mixture and improves the properties of
concrete.It also improve workability of
concrete and prevent segregation and
bleeding.
4. Water Reducing Agent:
Its name itself defining that they
are used to minimize the water demand in
a concrete mixture. Workability the
important property of concrete which is
improved with the addition of water but if
water is added more than required the
strength and durability properties of
concrete gets affected.
5. Super Plasticizers:
It is also
known as high-range water reducers
(HRWR).It reduce water content of
concrete while maintaining its
workability.It is used to Improve concrete
quality,increase construction
speed,reduce labor costs and enhance
durability.
Mineral Addmixture
1. Fly Ash:
It is finely divided residue
resulting from the combustion of ground or
powdered coal. It is generally captured from
the chimneys of coal-fired power plants; it has
POZZOLANIC properties, and is sometimes
blended with cement for this reason. Fly ash
includes substantial amounts of silicon dioxide
(SiO2) (both amorphous and crystalline) and
calcium oxide (CaO). fly ash in concrete
improves its workability, reduces segregation,
bleeding, heat evolution and permeability,
inhibits alkali-aggregate reaction, and
enhances sulfate resistance.
2. Silica Fumes:
Silica fume was first
‘obtained’ in Norway, in 1947. It is by-product
of semiconductor industry.It is an extremely
fine particles (approximately 100 times smaller
than average cement particle). It has been
found that Silica Fume improves compressive
strength, bond strength, and abrasion
resistance, reduces permeability of concrete to
chloride ions and therefore helps in protecting
reinforcing steel from corrosion, especially in
chloride-rich environments such as coastal
regions.
3. Bagass Ash:
It is a mineral
admixture derived from sugarcane
bagasse combustion, used to enhance
concrete properties. Its density ranges
from 2.5-3.0 g/cm3. It helps in improving
durability,enhance workability,reduce
cement content and increase resistance
to sulfate and chloride attacks.
4. Rice Husk:
It is a mineral
admixture derived from rice husk combusion
and used in enhacing concrete properties. Its
density ranges from 2.0-2.5 g/cm3. It helps
in improving durability,enhance
workability,reduce cement content and
increase resistance to sulfate and chloride
attacks.
5. Wheat Straw Ash:
A mineral
admixture derived from wheat straw
combustion and used in enhancing
concrete properties is called wheat straw
ash.
Its density also ranges from 2.0-2.5g/cm3.
It has high silica content,lower cost,easily
available and has environmental benefits.
It reduce cement content upto
15%,increase durability and workability.
6. Glass Powder:
It is a
waste product from glass polishing that
can be used to replace cement in
concrete.
It can improve the concrete compressive
strength, workability and durability. Using
glass powder can reduce the cost of
cement and also reduce greenhouse gas.
