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Python format() Function
The Python format() function returns the given value in the specified format based on the formatter.
The format() is one of the built-in functions and can be used for various purposes such as creating a well-formatted string, type-specific formatting, formatting numbers, string alignment and padding, etc.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of the Python format() function −
format(value, formatSpec = '')
Parameters
The Python format() function accepts the following parameters −
value − It represents a value (number or string) that needs to be formatted.
formatSpec − It represents a format that specifies how the value has to be formatted. Its default value is an empty string.
Return Value
The Python format() function returns a formatted representation of the passed value according to the specified format.
format() Function Examples
Practice the following examples to understand the use of format() function in Python:
Example: Use of format() Function
The following example shows how to use the Python format() function to format the given number into a specific form. Here, this function is applied to multiple numbers to format them into different forms.
numOne = 5100200300 formattedNum = format(numOne, ",") print("Formatting the number using separator:", formattedNum) numTwo = 12.756 formattedNum = format(numTwo, ".2%") print("Rounding the given number:",formattedNum) numThree = 500300200 formattedNum = format(numThree, "e") print("Converting number into exponential notation:", formattedNum) numFour = 541.58786 formattedNum = format(numFour, ".2f") print("Formatting number to two decimal places:", formattedNum)
When we run the above program, it produces the following result −
Formatting the number using separator: 5,100,200,300 Rounding the given number: 1275.60% Converting number into exponential notation: 5.003002e+08 Formatting number to two decimal places: 541.59
Example: Convert Decimal to Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal Formats
The Python format() function can be used to convert a given number into its corresponding binary, octal and Hexadecimal representation as shown in the below example.
nums = 124 binaryNum = format(nums, "b") octalNum = format(nums, "o") hexNum = format(nums, "x") print("Converting number into Binary:", binaryNum) print("Converting number into Octal:", octalNum) print("Converting number into Hexadecimal:", hexNum)
When we run the above program, it produces following result −
Converting number into Binary: 1111100 Converting number into Octal: 174 Converting number into Hexadecimal: 7c
Example: Override __format__ Class Method
By overriding the "__format__" method in a class, we can customize how objects of that class should be formatted. The code below demonstrates the same.
import datetime class DefDate: def __init__(self, year, month, day): self.date = datetime.date(year, month, day) def __format__(self, formatSpec): return self.date.strftime(formatSpec) formattedDate = DefDate(2024, 4, 17) print("Date after formatting:") print(format(formattedDate, "%B %d, %Y"))
Output of the above code is as follows −
Date after formatting: April 17, 2024