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OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS

Oral and Maxillofacial


Surgery
ii

Oxford Specialist Handbooks published and forthcoming


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Oxford Specialist Handbooks in End Hand Surgery
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Oxford Specialist
Handbooks in Surgery
Oral and
Maxillofacial
Surgery
third edition

edited by
Carrie Newlands
Consultant Surgeon
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Royal Surrey County Hospital
Guildford, UK

Cyrus Kerawala
Consultant Maxillofacial/​Head and Neck Surgeon
Head and Neck Unit
The Royal Marsden Hospital
London, UK
Visiting Professor
Faculty of Health and Wellbeing
University of Winchester
Winchester, UK

1
iv

1
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP,
United Kingdom
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.
It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship,
and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of
Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries
© Oxford University Press 2020
The moral rights of the authors have been asserted
First Edition published in 2010
Second Edition published in 2014
Third Edition published in 2020
Impression: 1
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the
prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted
by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics
rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the
above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the
address above
You must not circulate this work in any other form
and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer
Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Data available
Library of Congress Control Number: 2020939435
ISBN 978–​0–​19–​884736–​6
Printed and bound in China by
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Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the
drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check
the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-​to-​date
published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers
and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and
the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the
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contained in any third party website referenced in this work.
v

Foreword
I am delighted and honoured to have been asked to provide a foreword to
this third edition of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
I doubt that there are many oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) sur-
geons who have not relied upon one or more of the Oxford University
Press pocket handbooks in the course of their careers. While the Internet,
social media, and increasingly sophisticated search engines can often pro-
vide information to a portable device within seconds, there is to my mind
no real substitute for an authoritative textbook, compiled with care, and
drawing together in one place the peer-​validated expertise of our profes-
sion. The current concerns about ‘fake news’ perhaps serve to emphasize
the importance of ensuring the veracity of evidence upon which we rely
when making important decisions which affect the safety of patients. This
book is designed to fit in a pocket, and be an everyday practical aid for the
busy clinician at every stage of their career. The ever increasing complexity
of medicine and surgery makes it imperative that all clinicians have access
to reliable and up-​to-​date information about our rapidly changing and wide-​
ranging specialty.
Carrie Newlands and Cyrus Kerawala are not only internationally ac-
claimed for their clinical contributions to our surgical discipline, but are also
recognized as expert teachers and examiners. Once again, they have suc-
cessfully managed to corral busy clinicians from all branches of the specialty
to bring the third edition of this text fully up to date.

Ian C Martin, LLM, FDSRCS, FRCS


Chairman NCEPOD
Past President: BAOMS, EACMFS, BAHNO, and FSSA
vi
vii

Preface to the third


edition
We remain committed to surgical teaching, and are active in examining can-
didates for the exit FRCS in OMFS. This third edition provides further up-
dates from previous and new authors, all of whom are expert in their fields.
We hope you continue to find it useful in your careers.

Carrie Newlands and Cyrus Kerawala, 2020


vii
ix

Preface to the second


edition
Since the first edition of this book the editors have maintained their strong
interest in teaching and examining candidates for the exit FRCS in OMFS.
They are definitely older, and possibly a little wiser. Like many specialties,
oral and maxillofacial surgery develops over time so this new edition builds
on the success and popularity of the first with updates by previous and new
authors. We hope you find it useful.

Cyrus Kerawala and Carrie Newlands, 2014


x
xi

Preface to the first edition


This handbook is edited by two young consultants in oral and maxillofacial
surgery, who both maintain a strong interest in teaching and are involved
in examining for the exit FRCS. The content closely follows the syllabus
of higher surgical training in oral and maxillofacial surgery in the UK. We
hope it will prove useful and stimulating for trainees in the specialty, both
throughout their training and at that potentially worrying time when the
exit exam approaches. It may even contain snippets that our more senior
colleagues will find of interest.
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is an evolving and unique surgical specialty,
with increasing numbers of young dentists and doctors continually attracted
by its charms. We trust this book will further whet their appetites. It may
also find a place on the bookshelves of those who are working and training
in other allied surgical disciplines, or accident and emergency.
We have tried to present the information contained within, in a familiar
and accessible format, with an emphasis on current evidence where avail-
able. In those many surgical situations where the literature does not provide
an evidence base, we have outlined current UK practice and thinking. We
would like to think that some of our readers will be inspired to help improve
the scientific rationale for what we do where gaps are apparent.
Feedback and comments are welcomed and will be gratefully acknow-
ledged, should this first attempt prove popular enough to give birth to fur-
ther editions.

Carrie Newlands and Cyrus Kerawala, 2009


xii
xiii

Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the following for their advice and assistance:
Our fellow past and present authors.
Many respected OMFS colleagues, trainers, and trainees, past and pre-
sent, especially for their useful comments about the first and second
editions.
Colleagues in other specialties, with whom we are always glad and often
fortunate to collaborate.
Mr Mick Gilhooly for providing some of the Chapter 1 photographs in
this and previous editions.
The team at Oxford University Press for helpful guidance.
Victoria Rundle for her expert editorial skills.
Our loved ones.
And, of course, our readers—​we hope you enjoy this book as much as
we have, and we hope also that it stands you in good stead to do well in
your examinations and your career.
xvi
xv

Contents

Contributors xvii
Symbols and abbreviations xxi

1 Trauma 1
2 Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer 61
3 Surgical dermatology 143
4 Salivary glands 177
5 Orthognathic surgery 211
6 Craniofacial surgery 289
7 Cleft lip and palate 315
8 Aesthetics 351
9 The temporomandibular joint 377
10 Surgical principles and oral surgery 397
11 Oral medicine 453
12 Eponyms in OMFS 513
13 Other useful facts 521

Index 533
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