PROJECTILE
MOTION
Motion in Two Dimensions
OBJECTIVES
The students must be able to:
•describe projectile motion
•investigate the relationship
between the projection angle,
the height, the range and
time travelled
LET’S RECALL
HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL MOTION?
an airplane on a
a stone dropped
runway preparing
for takeoff
from a cliff
waters of a race car on
Tamaraw falls the road
LET’S RECALL
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
•constant acceleration
•the object is moving
with constant
acceleration
UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
HORIZONTAL DIMENSION
Displacement = velocity x time
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑡
d
𝑑 v t
𝑣=
𝑡
UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
VERTICAL DIMENSION
•An object that is having a free fall
has a uniformed acceleration of
9.8 m/𝒔𝟐 due to gravity. Take note
that the velocity of an object
2
increases to 9.8m/𝑠 every second.
m Negative
a g 9.81 2 (downward)
s
UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
VERTICAL DIMENSION
2
𝑎𝑔 𝑡
ℎ = 𝑣𝑖 𝑡 +
2
displacement in free
fall means height and
𝑣𝑖 is always 0 (at rest)
ACTIVITY
Let’s SHOOT some BALLS!
How will you move the ball
to shoot it
Introduction to Projectile Motion
What is Projectile Motion?
Trajectory of a Projectile
Calculation of Projectile Motion
PROJECTILE MOTION
PROJECTILE MOTION
Thrown into the Air
2 Dimensional Motion
Parabolic Path
Affected by Gravity
Determined by Initial Velocity
PROJECTILE MOTION
• Projectile motion refers to the two-
dimensional motion of an object that is
given an initial velocity and projected
into the air at an angle.
• The only force acting upon the object is
gravity.
• It follows a parabolic path called
TRAJECTORY determined by the effect of
the initial velocity and gravitational
acceleration.
Trajectory (Path) of a Projectile
y v0
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
Velocity is changing and the
motion is accelerated
The horizontal component of
velocity (vx) is constant
Acceleration from the vertical
component of velocity (vy)
Acceleration due to gravity is
g= 9.81m/s2
constant, and downward
a = - g = - 9.81m/s2
x
y
The horizontal and vertical
motions are independent of each
other
Both motions share the same
time (t)
The horizontal velocity vx = vi
The horizontal distance . dx = vx t
g = 9.81m/s2
The vertical velocity vy = - g t
The vertical distance .. h = 1/2 g t2
x
Trajectory (Path) of a Projectile
The path of a projectile is the result of the simultaneous effect of
the HORIZONTAL & VERTICAL components of its motion
HORIZONTAL component constant velocity motion
VERTICAL component accelerated downward motion
HORIZONTAL & VERTICAL motions are independent
HORIZONTAL & VERTICAL motions share the same time t
The projectile flight time t is determined by the V
component of its motion
Trajectory (Path) of a Projectile
H velocity is constant vx = v i
V velocity is changing vy = - gt
H range or displacement: dx = vi t
𝟏 2
V distance: h = gt
𝟐
Calculation of Projectile Motion
A projectile was fired with initial velocity vi
horizontally from a cliff d meters above the
ground. Calculate the horizontal range R
of the projectile.
vi
d g
t
R
Strategies of Solving Projectile Problems
H & V motions can be calculated independently
H & V kinematics equations share the same
variable t
A projectile was fired with initial velocity vi horizontally
from a cliff d meters above the ground. Calculate the
horizontal range R of the projectile.
vi
d g
t
R
Example: A projectile was fired with initial velocity vi
horizontally from a cliff d meters above the ground.
Calculate the horizontal range R of the projectile.
HORIZONTAL MOTION VERTICAL MOTION
𝒅𝒙 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒕 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐𝒉
𝒅𝒙 𝒉 = 𝒈𝒕 𝒕=
𝒗𝒙 = 𝟐 𝒈
𝒕
𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒕 𝒗𝒚 = 𝒈𝒕
𝒗𝒚 = 𝟐𝒈𝒉
PROJECTILE 𝟐𝒉 𝒗𝒇 𝟐 = 𝒗𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒗𝒚 𝟐
MOTION 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒊
𝒈 magnitude velocity
Example:
A projectile was fired with initial velocity 10 m/s horizontally from
a cliff. Calculate the time it took the object to hit the ground. If the
height of the cliff is 19.62 meters, how far is the bottom of the cliff
to the point where the object fell (the range)?
𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣𝑖 = 10𝑚/𝑠 2ℎ still
ℎ = 19.62 𝑚 𝑡=
𝑔 unknown
2
𝑔 = −9. 81 𝑚/𝑠
vi PROJECTILE MOTION
𝟐𝒉
d g 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒊
t 𝒈
R
Example: 𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣𝑖 = 10𝑚/𝑠
A projectile was fired with ℎ = 19.62 𝑚
initial velocity 10 m/s 𝑔 = 9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2
horizontally from a cliff.
Calculate the time it took the 2ℎ 39. 24 𝑚
object to hit the ground. 𝑡= 𝑡=
𝑔 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2
If the height of the cliff is 19.62
meters, how far is the bottom
of the cliff to the point where 2(19.62𝑚)
𝑡= 𝑡= 4𝑠 2
the object fell (the range)? 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2
vi
39. 24 𝑚 𝒕 = 𝟐𝒔
𝑡=
d g 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2
t
R
Example: 𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣𝑖 = 10𝑚/𝑠 𝑔 = 9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2
A projectile was fired with initial ℎ = 19.62 𝑚 𝒕 = 𝟐𝒔
velocity 10 m/s horizontally from
a cliff. Calculate the time it took 𝟐𝒉
the object to hit the ground. 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒙
If the height of the cliff is 𝒈
19.62 meters, how far is the
bottom of the cliff to the point 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒕
where the object fell (the 10𝑚
range)? 𝑹= (2𝑠)
𝑠
vi
10𝑚
𝑹= (2𝑠)
d g 𝑠
t
R
𝑹 = 20 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
Calculation of Projectile Motion
Example:
An airplane traveling at 80 m/s at an elevation
of 250 m drops a box of supplies to skiers
stranded in a snowstorm.
• At what horizontal distance from the skiers
should the supplies be dropped?
• Find the magnitude of the velocity of the box
as it reaches the ground.
vi
d g
t
R
Example:
An airplane traveling at 80 m/s at an elevation of 250 m drops a box of supplies to
skiers stranded in a snowstorm.
• At what horizontal distance from the skiers should the supplies be dropped?
𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣𝑖 = 80𝑚/𝑠
𝟐𝒉
ℎ = 250 𝑚 𝒕=
𝒈
𝑔 = 9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2 𝒕= 50. 97𝑠 2
𝑡 =?
2(250𝑚) 𝒕 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟒 𝒔
𝒕=
9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2
500 𝑚
𝒕=
9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2
Example:
An airplane traveling at 80 m/s at an elevation of 250 m drops a box of supplies to
skiers stranded in a snowstorm.
• At what horizontal distance from the skiers should the supplies be dropped?
𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣𝑖 = 80𝑚/𝑠 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒕
ℎ = 250 𝑚
𝑔 = 9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2 80𝑚
𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = (7.14𝑠)
𝑡 = 7.14 𝑠 𝑠
𝟐𝒉
𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒙
𝒈 𝑹 = 571 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒕
Example:
An airplane traveling at 80 m/s at an elevation of 250 m drops a box of supplies to
skiers stranded in a snowstorm.
• Find the magnitude of the velocity of the box as it reaches the ground.
𝑣𝑥 = 80𝑚/𝑠 𝒗𝒚 = 𝒈𝒕
ℎ = 250 𝑚 9.81𝑚
𝑔 = 9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2 𝒗𝒚 = 2
(7.14𝑠)
𝑠
𝑡 = 7.14 𝑠
𝑣𝑦 =? 9.81𝑚
𝒗𝒚 = s (7.14𝑠)
𝑣𝑓 =? 𝑠2
𝒗𝒚 = 𝟕𝟎 𝐦/𝐬
Example:
An airplane traveling at 80 m/s at an elevation of 250 m drops a box of supplies to
skiers stranded in a snowstorm.
• Find the magnitude of the velocity of the box as it reaches the ground.
𝑣𝑥 = 80𝑚/𝑠
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 = 𝒗𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒗𝒚 𝟐
ℎ = 250 𝑚 11130 𝑚2
𝟐 𝟐
𝑔 = 9. 81 𝑚/𝑠 2 80𝑚 70 𝑚 𝒗𝒇 𝟐 =
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 = + 𝑠2
𝑠 𝑠
𝑡 = 7.14 𝑠
𝑣𝑦 = 70 m/s 6400𝑚2 4900 𝑚2 11130 𝑚2
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 = 2
+ 𝒗𝒇 𝟐 =
𝑠 𝑠2 𝑠2
𝑣𝑓 =?
11, 300 𝑚2 𝒗𝒇 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔. 𝟑𝟎𝒎/𝒔
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 =
𝑠2
ACTIVITY
GROUP ACTIVITY: Solve the problems.
1. A marble is thrown horizontally from a
table top with a velocity of 3 m/s. The
height of the table is 2.50 meters.
A. How far from the bottom of the table
did the marble fell?
B. How long did it take for the marble to
hit the ground?
C. What is the marble’s velocity just
before it hits the floor?
Remember…
Safety First!
(Enter your own creative tag line above)
