Easy questions:

1 A 1
Fr = 2π√L C ∵ 𝐶 𝑑𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑑
1
∵𝐿 →8 𝐿
1
√L C → 2 (decreased to half)
So Frequency is doubled.
2 D XL = XC
1
Fr = 2π√L C
So the frequency can be changed by changing L or C
3 C 1
L2 = 2L1 C2 = 2 C1
1
F1 L C F 1 1 2L x C
= √L2 C2 → F = √ L x 2C
F2 1 1 2 1 1

F 1 F
= √2 x 2 → F = 1
F2 2
F = F2 (frequency constant)
4 C Z = R → XL = XC
5 A Z = R (min)
I (max)
6 B XL = XC
7 A 1
C2 = 2C1 L2 = 8 L1
1
F1 L C F 1 1 L x2C
= √L2 C2 → F = √8L x C
F2 1 1 2 1 1
F 1
= 2 → F2 = 2F
F2
So it is doubled
8 C 1
Fr = 2π√L C C2 = 4C1
F1 = F2
1
L C 4C1 x L1
1 = √L2 C2 → 1 = √ 4
1 1 L1 x C1
1
So L2 = 4 L1 to keep the frequency unchanged
9 A phase angle = zero
10 B 1
Fr = 2π√L C
If the capacitance increases, you must decrease self-inductance to keep the
frequency unchanged
11 D 1 1
Fr = 2π√L C → Fr = = 500 Hz
1 1
2π√ x x 10−6
π π
12 B F1 = 600 Hz L2 = 3 L1 C2 = 3 C1
 F1 L C 600 3L1 x 3C1
= √L2 C2 → = √
F2 1 1 F2 L1 x C1
600
=3 F2 = 200 KHz
F2

Medium questions:

1 A θ = 53.13° (R. L. C circuit)

7
XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 11 = 199.9 ≅ 200Ω
XL − XC
Tan θ = R
200 − XC
Tan53.13 = 6
XC = 192Ω
Z = √(𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 )2 + 𝑅 2

Z = √(200 − 192)2 + 62 = 10Ω

1
XC = 2πF C
1
192 = 2π x 50 x C
C = 1.65 x 10-5 F
x 106 = 16.57µF
2 D VL = VC (Resonance)
VR = Vt = 300V
3 D (R. L. C circuit)
Z = R = 10Ω
4 C 1 1
(Fr) 2 = (2π√L C ) 2 F2 = 4π2 L C
F2 4500
Slope = 1 = F2 x L = = 1.8 x 104
0.25
L
1
Slope = 4π2 C
1
1.8 x 104 = 4π2 C → ∴ C = 1.4 x 10-6 F
5 A XC > XL (Capacitive circuit)
At point (A)
6 D The answer is graph D
7 C Capacitor and coil don’t consume power because capacitor stores as electric
field and coil stores as a magnetic field while resistance consumes power.
Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2

Z = √(16 − 8)2 + 62 = 10Ω

V 200
I = Z = 10 = 20A
P = I 2 x R = (20)2 x 6
P = 2400W
8 C Fr = 60 Hz Imax = 2.5A C = 2.58 x 10-4F
 1
Fr = 2π√L C
1
60 =
2π√L x 2.58 x 10−4
L = 0.0272 H
x 103 = 27 mH
9 B Capacitor + Dc = open key
So, graph (B) is the right answer
10 D XL WL
= 1 = W2 L C
XC
Wc
11 D XL 2R
Tanθ = = =2
R R
3R
a) Tanθ = 2R (wrong)
XL − XC 2R−R
b) Tanθ = = =1 (wrong)
R R
XL 3R
c) Tanθ = = =1 (wrong)
R 3R
XL 4R
d) Tanθ = R = 2R = 2 (The right answer)
12 C Imax = 7.07A
Ieff. = Imax x sin45
= 7.07 x sin45 = 4.99 ≅ 5A
E = I2 R t
E = 52 x 8 x (1 x 24 x 60 x 60)
E = 1.7 x 107
E = 17 x 106J
13 A I leads V → so pure capacitor
- There is no power consumption
So the answer is (OW)
14 A L = 2H F = 80 Hz
1
Fr = 2π√L C
1
80 = 2π√2 x C
C = 1.97 x 10-6 ≅ 1.98 x 10-6 F
x 106
F → µF
C = 1.98µF
15 B Key open: key close:
XL − XC −X
Tan θ = 50 Tanθ = 50C
- Same phase angle = same I
200−100 100
- The correct answer is B because: at key open Tan θ = 50 = 50
- At key close:
100
- Tanθ = 50
16 D (R. L. C circuit)
Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2
Z = √(3R − R)2 + (2R)2
 Z = √(2R)2 + (2R)2
Z = √4R2 + 4R2
Z = √8R2
Z = √8 R
Z = 2√2 R
V 4
I = Z = 2√2R = √2R
2
I= R
√2
So the answer is (D)
17 A 1 1
Fr= 2π√L C = = 318.3 Hz
2π√50 x 10−3 x 5 x 10−6
18 B C = 2µF V = 400V R = 200Ω Fr = 500 Hz
1 1
Fr= 2π√L C → 500 =
2π√L x 2 x 10−6
L = 0.05H
Imax , when Z = R
Z = 200Ω
V 400
I = Z = 200 = 2A
19 A XL = XC
XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 0.07 = 21.99 ≅ 22Ω
XL = XC = 22Ω
VC = Vt
At resonance Vt = VR
VC = VR
I x XC = I x R
XC = R
∵XC = 22Ω ∴R = 22Ω
66 x R
22 = = 66 + R
R = 33Ω
20 B C = 2µF Q = 24
Q=CxV
24 = 2 x V
V = 12V
21 A 𝐸ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑛 = 𝐸ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑢𝑡
So, the quantity is equal and the H.W.A reads the effective I of AC and DC

Hard questions:

1 B VC > VL
XC > XL → Capacitive
So, the answer is (B)
V −V 60−80
And also Tan θ = LV C = 25
R
θ = 38.66°
2 C Vt = 22V
2x1 2
Ct = 2+1 = 3
2
x3 6
3
2 = 11
+3
3
6
Qt = Cv = 11 x 22 = 12 C
So, Q constant
Q 12
V3 = C = 3 = 4V
Q 12
V2 = C = = 6V
2
Q 12
V1 = C = 1 = 12V
3 i) B Graph (a): R circuit
ii) D Graph (b): capacitor circuit
iii) A Graph (d): coil circuit (L)
i) I leads V by 90 ° so, graph (b)
ii) V leads I by 90 ° so, graph (d)
iii) Same phase as graph (a)
4 C Z∝F
XL ∝ F → so, pure induction coil
5 A Open → resonance
- Rminimum -Z=R - in the same phase
Closed → not resonance
R
- Z = 2 → Z decreased so I increased
- C doubled → XC halved
- XL halved
- R halved
XL XC
−
2 2
Tanθ= R
2
- XL = XC
So, the phase angle remains constant
6 B Case 1:
R = 3Ω )‫(تعديل‬
DC → F=0 XL = 0
VB 12
It = R = 3+3 = 2A
t
Case2:
7
L = 550 )‫(تعديل‬
7
XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 550 = 4Ω
XLt = 4 + 4 = 8Ω
Rtotal = 6Ω
2
Z =√XLt + R2t = √82 + 62 = 10Ω
V 12
It = Z = 10 = 1.2A
 Case3:
Capacitive resistance = 8Ω) ‫(تعديل‬
XL total = 8Ω
At resonance
V 12
I = R = 6 = 2A
7 D V1 = 2V2
I XC = 2 I R
XC = 2R
Z = √(XC )2 + (R)2 = √2R2 + R2 = √5R
Vt = √(2V2 )2 + (V2 )2 = √5V22 = √5V2
V √5 V2 √5 V2
I=Z= =
√5 R 𝑍
8 A XC1 = 0.5 XC2
1 x 0.5 1
XC total = 1+0.5 = 3
XL > XC → inductive properties
9 A Zero error will increase
10 D Veff = 100√2 x sin 45 = 100V
It = 2A
Vt 100
Z = It = 2 = 50Ω

Z = √(XC total )2 + 302

50 = √XC2 + 302 → XC total = 40Ω

80 // XC3 = 40
XC3 = 80Ω
11 i) B Veff = Vmax x sin45 = 220√2 x sin45 = 220V
ii) D Iinst = 0.1 Imax
Imax sinθ = 0.1 Imax
sinθ = 0.1
sin (2 x 180 x F x 0.1 x 10-3) = 0.1
F = 159.4 Hz
6x3
Ct = 6+3 = 2µF
1 1
XC = = = 500Ω
2π Fc 2π x 159.4 x 2 x 10−6
XC 500
Tan60 = R → tan60 = R
R = 288Ω
Z = √(500)2 + (288)2 = 576.68Ω
V 220
i) I = Z = 576.68 = 0.38A (B)
2
ii) P=I xR
P = 0.382 x 288 = 41.59W (D)
12 A L= 1m V= 2m/sec B =4T C= 10 µC
emf = BLV = 4 x 1 x 2 = 8V
 Q = CV = 10 x 8 = 80µC
- ‫𝐼 →حركه‬
(F. R .H)
From b to a
(10W → high) a (positive)
- + b (negative)
13 i) B i) V leads I by 90°
ii) A So, component (X) is coil
iii) C ii) I leads V by 90°
iv) D So, component (X) is capacitor
iii) V, I in the same phase
So, component (X) is resistance
V>I → R>1
iv) I>V → R<1
14 i) B i) V leads I < 90°
ii) A So, coil + resistor
iii) A ii) I leads V < 90°
iv) A So, capacitor + resistor
v) A iii) V leads I by 45°
vi) D So, coil and resistor
vii) D X X
Tan45 = RL → RL = 1
viii) D
XL = R
iv) V leads I < 90° (180° − 135° = 45°)
So, coil and resistor
X X
Tan45 = RL → 1 = RL
XL = R
v) V leads I by 45° (225° - 180°= 45°)
So, coil + resistor
X X
Tan45 = RL → 1 = RL
XL = R
vi) I leads V by 45°
Capacitor + resistor
X
Tan45 = RC → XC = R
vii) I leads V by 45° (225° - 180° = 45°)
Cap. + resistor
X
Tan45 = RC → XC = R
viii) I leads V by 45° (315° - 360° = 45°)
Cap. + resistor
X
Tan45 = RC → XC = R

Problems:
1) R = 60Ω (R . L circuit)
 VR = 120V
VR 120
I= = = 2A
R 60
14
XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 55 = 79.96 ≅ 80Ω
V = I x XL = 2 x 80 = 160V

2) XL = XC (Resonance)
Z = R = 400Ω
VR = I x R = 0.5 x 400 = 200V
VL = I x XL = 0.5 x 800 = 400V
VC = I x XC = 0.5 x 800 = 400V

3) L = 12m A = 7 x 10-7 ρ = 35 x 10-5

XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 0.28 = 87.96Ω ≅ 88Ω
L 12
R = ρ A = 35 x 10−5 x = 6000Ω
7 x 10−7

Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2 = √(88 − 8)2 + 60002 = 6000.53Ω

V 200
a) I = Z = 6000.53 = 0.033A
b) Vcap. = I x XC = 0.033 x 8 = 0.266V
Vcoil = I x XL = 0.033 x 88 = 2.904V

4) DC → XL = 0
V 12
R= = = 12Ω
I 1
AC:
12
0.6 = Z = 20Ω
Z

20 = √122 + (XL )2 XL = 16Ω

a) XL = 2πFL
16 = 2π x 50 x L
L = 0.05H
b) XC = XL = 16Ω
1
XC = 2πFC
1
16 = 2π x 50 x C
C = 1.98 x 10-4F
c) Resonance so phase angle = zero
5) a) Imax → resonance
XC = 125Ω
1
125 = 280
2π x x C
11
C = 5 x 10-5
b) VC = Vcap Z=R
V 200
I = Z = 100 = 2A
Vcap = VC
= I XL = 2 x 125 = 250V

6) XL = XC → resonance → Z = R = 600Ω
V 200
a) I = Z = 600 = 0.33A
b) (R. L circuit)
Z = √(XL )2 + R2 = √8002 + 6002 = 1000Ω
200
I = 1000 = 0.2A
c) (R. C circuit)
Z = √(XC )2 + R2 = √8002 + 6002 = 1000Ω
200
I = 1000 = 0.2A
d) (R- circuit)
V 200
I = R = 600 = 0.33A

7) P = V x I
25 = 100 x I
ILamp = 0.25A
1 1
XC = 2πFC = 100 = 300Ω
2π x 50 x x 10−6
3π
V2
P= R
1002
25 = R
R = 400Ω
Z = √(XC )2 + R2 = √3002 + 4002 = 500Ω
V 200
Icircuit = Z = 500 = 0.4A
So, the lamp will melt because It > Ilamp

8) XL = WL = 1000 x 0.9 = 900Ω

1 1
XC = WC = = 500Ω
1000 x 2 x 10−6
 a) Z = √(XL − X C )2 + R2 = √(900 − 500)2 + 3002 = 500Ω
V 50 1
b) I = Z = 500 = 10 = 0.1A

b`) Vcap = I x XC = 0.1 x 500 = 50V

Vcoil = I x XL = 0.1 x 900 = 90V

XL − XC 900−500 4
c) Tanθ = = =3
R 300
θ = 53.13°
d) Resonance → Z = R = 300Ω
XL = XC
1 1
Fr = 2π√L C =
2π √L x 2 x 10−6
1
1000 =
√L x 2 x 10−6
L = 0.5H
V 50
I = R = 300 = 0.16A

2
9) N = 200 A = 11 m2 B = 2 x 10−3 T F= 50Hz
Emfeff = NAB2πF x sin45
2
= 200 x x 2 x 10−3 x 2 x π x 50 x sin45
11
= 16.15V
Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2

Z = √(110 − 140 )2 + 402 = 50Ω

Veff 16.15
I= = = 0.32A
Z 50
10)
a) Z = √(XL − X C )2 + R2 = √(90 − 30)2 + (44 + 36)2 = 100Ω
V 200
b) I = Z = 100 = 2A
c) Vcap = I XC = 2 x 30 = 60V
VR = IR = 2 x 44 = 88V
Vcoil + R = I x Z = 2 x √902 + 362 = 193.86V
XL −XC 90−30
d) Tanθ = =
R 80
θ = 36.86°
e) P = I2 R
P = 22 x 80 = 320W
11) (R. L. C circuit)
a) Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2

Z = √(20 − 16)2 + 32 = 5Ω
V 20
b) I = Z = = 4A
5
c) V1 = I x R = 4 x 3 = 12V
Vcoil(2) = I x XL = 4 x 20 = 80V
V3 = I x XC = 4 x 16 = 64V
V4 = √(VL − VC )2 = VL − VC = 80 − 64 = 16V

12)
VC − VL 24−12
a) Tanθ = → Tan 42 =
VR VR
VR = 13.32V
13.32
I= = 0.083A
160

Vt = √(VL − VC )2 + (VR )2 = √(12 − 24)2 + 13.322 = 17.92 ≅ 18V

P = I2 x R = 0.0832 x 160 = 1.1022W
Vt 18
b) Z = = = 216.86Ω
It 0.083
VL 12
XL = = = 144.5Ω
I 0.083
VC 24
XC = = 0.083 = 289.15Ω
I

13)
L 10
1) R = ρ A = 2 x 10−5 x = 5Ω
0.4 x 10−4
1 1
2) XC = 2πFC = 7 = 100Ω
2π x 50 x x 10−3
220
3) XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 0.28 = 87.96 ≅ 88Ω
4) Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2 = √(100 − 88)2 + 52 = 13Ω
Vt 130
5) I = = = 10A
Z 13
6) VR = I x R = 10 x 5 = 50V
Vcap = I x XC = 10 x 100 = 1000V
Vcoil = I x XL = 10 x 88 = 880V
7) Vt = Vcap – Vcoil = 1000 – 880 = 120V
XC − XL 100−88
8) Tanθ = =
R 5
θ = 67.38°
9) XC > XL → -Ve → 3rd quad
 10) XC > XL → I leads V
2 2
11) P = I R = 10 x 5 = 500 W
12) XL = XC = 0 F=0
V 130
I=Z= = 26A
5
1 1
13) Fr = 2π → 50 = 2π
√L C √0.28 x C
C = 3.61 x 10-5F
V 130
14) I = R = = 26A
5
1 1
15) Fr → x 50 = 35.35Hz
√2 √2

14) Repeated

15) P = I2 x R
706 = 42 x R
R = 44.125Ω
(R. L circuit)
V 220
Z= = = 55Ω
I 4
Z = √(XL )2 + R2

55 = √(XL )2 + 442
XL = 33Ω
33 = 2πFL
33 = 2π x 42 x L
L = 0.125H

16) Open:
V 200
Z= = 0.01 = 20000Ω
I

Z = √5002 + (XC )2

20000 = √5002 + (XC )2

XC = 19993.74Ω
Close:
C (doubled) XC (halved)
XC 19993.74
XC = = = 9996.87
2 2

Z = √5002 + 9996.872 = 10009.37Ω

V 200
I = Z = 10009.37 = 0.0199 ≅ 0.02A
17) XL1 = 2πFL1 = 100 x 0.2 = 20Ω
C1 + C2 = 10µF
1
XCt = = 1000Ω
100 x 10 x 10−6
XL2 = 2πFL2 = 100 x 0.3 = 30Ω
XLt = 50Ω Rt = 300Ω

Z = √(1000 − 50)2 + 3002 = 996.24Ω

V 200
I = Z = 996.24 = 0.2A
V3 = 0.2 x 200 = 40V
V1 =( VL = 0.2 x 20 = 4V VR = 0.2 x 100 = 20V )

=√VL2 + VR2 = √42 + 202 = 20.39V

V2 = (VC = 0.2 x 1000 = 200V)

=√VR2 + VC2 = √202 + 2002 = 200.99V

Zbefore 2
18) XL = 2XC F2 = 2F1 =7
Zafter
Before:
Z = √(XL − XC )2 = XL – XC = 2XC – XC = XC
After:
Double frequency → XL doubles → XC halved
XC XC
Z = 2XL - = 4XC - = 3.5XC
2 2
Zbefore XC 1 2
= = 3.5 = 7
Zafter 3.5XC

19)
1) Graph (c)
2) XL ∝ F → Graph (B)
3) XC ∝ F → Graph (D)
4) Graph (A)
20)
a) XL ∝ F → Graph (C)
1
b) XC ∝ F → Graph (e)
c) Graph (g)
d) Graph (d)
21) L = 10m.H F = 980KHz R = 50Ω
−4
V 10
I=R= = 2 x 10−6 = 2µA
50
1 1
Fr = 2π√L C → 980 x 103 =
2π√10 x 10−3 x C
 C = 2.63 x 10-12 F = 2.63PF
22) VC = VL = 20V → Resonance
1 1
XC = 2πFC = 700 = 100Ω
2π x 50 x x 10−6
22
XC = XL = 100Ω
a) XL = 2πFL 100 = 2π x 50 x L L = 0.318H
VL 20
b) It = X = 100 = 0.2A
L
c) Vmax = I x Z = 0.2 x 50 = 10V
d) Resonance → phase angle = zero
23) C1 = 40µF F1 = 750KHz L2 = 5L1
C2 = C1 + 32 = 72µF
F1 L C 750 5L x 72
= √L2 C2 → = √ L 1x 40
F2 1 1 F1 1
750
=3
F2
F2 = 250KHz
24) R = 9Ω
Case 1:
Z=R XL = XC (1)
V V
I1 = R = (1)
9
Case 2:
XL doubles → XC halved
I2 = 0.6 I1 (2)
V I1 V 9
I2 = 0.6 x → = x 0.6V
9 I2 9
I1 5
=3
I2

Z2 5 √(XL − XC )2 +92 5
=3→ =3
Z1 9

Z2 = 15Ω

15 = √X + 92 → X = 12Ω
XC
2XL - = 12 (2)
2
XC
2XC – = 12
2
∴ 𝑋𝐶 = 8Ω
XC = XL = 8Ω
25) Imax → (Resonance)
1 1
Fr = 2π√L C → W=
√L C
 1
5000 =
√20 x 10−3 x C
C = 2 x 10-6
26) Vmax = 100V R = 300Ω C = 8 x 10-6F L = 0.02H
1 1
a) Fr = 2π√L C = = 397.88Hz
2π√0.02 x 8 x 10−6
Vmax
b) Ieff = Imax x sin45 Imax = R
1 100
= 3 x sin 45 = 300
1
= 0.235A = 3A
27) (R.L.C circuit)
1) Vt = √(VL − VC )2 + (VR )2

50 = √(20 − VC )2 + 302
VC = 60V
2) XC > XL → Capacitive circuit
28) Repeated
29) XL = 2πFL = 2π x 50 x 1 = 314.15Ω
V 50
Z= = = 25Ω
I 2
Z=R (State of resonance) (a)
b) XL = XC = 314.15Ω
1
XC = 2πFC
1
314.15 = 2π x 50 x C
C = 1.01 x 10-5F
V 5
30) VR = 12
L
Vt = 260V It = 2A
Vt 260
Z= = = 130 Ω
It 2
IxR 5 R 5
= 12 → = 12
I x XL XL
12R
XL = 5
Z = √(XL )2 + R2
12R 2
130 = √( ) + R2
5
13
130 = 5 R
R = 50Ω

31) R = 1000Ω XL = 2000Ω XC =1000Ω F = 500π Hz

 Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2
Z = √(2000 − 1000)2 + (1000)2 = 1414.21Ω
V 10
32) Z = = 0.8 = 12.5Ω (R.L circuit)
I
12.5 = √(XL )2 + R2
12.5 = √(XL )2 + (10)2
XL = 7.5Ω
33) Veff = 120 x sin45 = 60√2V
(R. L circuit)
a) Z = √(XL − XC )2 + R2 = √(20 − 15)2 + 52 = 5√2Ω
V 60√2
b) I = Z = = 12A
5√2